What do parents and preschool staff tell us about young children's physical activity: a qualitative study
What do parents and preschool staff tell us about young children's physical activity: a qualitative study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/1479-5868-5-66
复制
发表时间：
2008-12-11
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Baur, Louise A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dwyer, Genevieve M.;Higgs, Joy;Baur, Louise A.
背景资料：体育活动和小屏幕娱乐是与儿童肥胖和慢性健康问题发展相关的两种可改变的行为。家长和幼儿园工作人员塑造幼儿的行为习惯。本定性研究的目的是探讨的态度，价值观，知识和理解的学龄前儿童的父母和照顾者的身体活动和小屏幕娱乐，并确定这些behaviors.Methods的影响：本研究涉及一个焦点小组研究与父母和照顾者的目标人群。一个有目的的样本39名参与者（22名家长，17名照顾者）参加了9个焦点小组。参与者来自三个感兴趣的人群：那些从较低的社会经济地位，中东和中国社区在悉尼（澳大利亚）metropolitan region.Results：所有的参与者都了解体育活动的价值和过度的小屏幕娱乐的影响，但不熟悉这些行为的国家指导方针。参与者描述了幼儿的性质和活动模式;然而，在这个年龄组的活动“强度”的概念是没有意义的术语。影响幼儿体育活动行为的因素包括儿童的个性、可用的体育活动设施以及他们所在社区的安全感。促进体育活动的因素包括儿童对积极的偏好，积极的父母或同伴模型，安全的游戏区域，有组织的活动，学前教育计划和社会联系感。身体活动的障碍包括负面媒体报道加剧的安全问题、时间限制、财政限制、有利于教育成就的文化价值观以及学前环境中有关设备设计和使用的安全法规。家长们认为，幼儿天生就被“编程”为活跃的，而社会则“去编程”了这种行为。工作人员表示担心，自由，创造性的积极发挥正在失去和替代活动越来越久坐不动。结论：研究结果支持的行为影响幼儿的身体活动的社会生态模型的相关性。在这个年龄组，最好的努力可能是强调国家小屏幕娱乐指导方针，并教育家庭和照顾者关于创造性的重要性，自由发挥，以加强儿童的内在天性是活跃的。
Background: Physical activity and small screen recreation are two modifiable behaviours associated with childhood obesity and the development of chronic health problems. Parents and preschool staff shape behaviour habits in young children. The aims of this qualitative study were to explore the attitudes, values, knowledge and understanding of parents and carers of preschool-age children in relation to physical activity and small screen recreation and to identify influences upon these behaviours.Methods: This research involved a focus group study with parents and carers of the target population. A purposive sample of 39 participants (22 parents, 17 carers) participated in 9 focus groups. Participants were drawn from three populations of interest: those from lower socioeconomic status, and Middle-Eastern and Chinese communities in the Sydney (Australia) metropolitan region.Results: All participants understood the value of physical activity and the impact of excessive small screen recreation but were unfamiliar with national guidelines for these behaviours. Participants described the nature and activity patterns of young children; however, the concept of activity 'intensity' in this age group was not a meaningful term. Factors which influenced young children's physical activity behaviour included the child's personality, the physical activity facilities available, and the perceived safety of their community. Factors facilitating physical activity included a child's preference for being active, positive parent or peer modelling, access to safe play areas, organised activities, preschool programs and a sense of social connectedness. Barriers to physical activity included safety concerns exacerbated by negative media stories, time restraints, financial constraints, cultural values favouring educational achievement, and safety regulations about equipment design and use within the preschool environment. Parents considered that young children are naturally 'programmed' to be active, and that society 'de-programs' this behaviour. Staff expressed concern that free, creative active play was being lost and that alternate activities were increasingly sedentary.Conclusion: The findings support the relevance of the socioecological model of behavioural influences to young children's physical activity. In this age group, efforts may best be directed at emphasising national guidelines for small screen recreation and educating families and carers about the importance of creative, free play to reinforce the child's inherent nature to be active.