Parasitic Plants in African Agriculture
Parasitic Plants in African Agriculture
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非洲农业中的寄生植物
DOI：
10.1079/9781789247657.0000
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Rodenburg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Musselman;J. Rodenburg
寄生杂草可以通过卫生、机械、化学、文化、生物或作物品种方法进行管理。由于高遗传异质性、繁殖力和良好的环境和作物适应性，这些方法都不可能作为一种独立的技术提供有效的长期控制。因此，通过结合多种互补技术的综合方法，可以最持久地实现寄生杂草的管理。与根寄生物相比，可以以这种方式整合的合适技术的数量更受茎寄生物的限制。对于茎寄生，主要的干预措施是预防寄生，包括早期、附着前的化学控制。一旦感染发生，寄生虫只能通过移除或修剪受感染的树枝来控制。根茎寄生虫的最好管理办法是轮作或间作、使用抗性品种和在寄生植物开花前人工清除它们。
Parasitic weeds can be managed through sanitation, mechanical, chemical, cultural, biological or crop-varietal methods. Because of the high genetic heterogeneity, fecundity and excellent environmental and crop adaptations, none of these methods is likely to provide effective, long-term control as a stand-alone technology. Management of parasitic weeds is therefore most durably achieved by an integrated approach that combines multiple complementary technologies. The number of suitable technologies that could be integrated this way is more restricted for stem parasites than for root parasites. For stem parasites, the main intervention is prevention of parasitism, including early, pre-attachment chemical control. Once infection has taken place, the parasite can only be controlled by removal, or by pruning infected branches for mistletoe on tree crops. Root parasites can best be managed by crop rotations or intercropping, the use of resistant varieties and manual removal of parasitic plants before they flower.