Plastic responses lead to increased neurotoxin production in the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia under ocean warming and acidification
Plastic responses lead to increased neurotoxin production in the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia under ocean warming and acidification
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DOI：
10.1038/s41396-023-01370-8
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发表时间：
2023-01-20
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Ye，Naihao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu，Dong;Zheng，Guanchao;Ye，Naihao
海洋变暖（OW）和酸化（OA）被认为是影响浮游植物生长和营养或毒素含量的两个主要气候条件。然而，人们对产生毒素的有害藻华物种的反应知之甚少。在这里，该研究通过一年的原位大量培养实验和 800 天的实验室驯化实验，提供了对产生软骨藻酸 (DA) 的硅藻拟菱形藻多系列对温度升高和 pCO2 的驯化和适应反应的定量和机制理解。海洋变暖对生长和多巴胺代谢的选择性影响比海洋酸化更大。在批量培养实验中，将温度提高至环境海水温度以上 +4°C 可使 DA 浓度显着增加高达 11 倍。在实验室中，当在低温下对长期增温驯化的样品进行测定时，生长速率和DA浓度的变化表明P.多系列不适应升高的温度，但可以快速且可逆地适应温度变化。然而，适应变暖的品系在转录组数据中显示出适应高温的证据。这里，当变暖驯化的品系移回低温环境时，核心基因表达没有逆转，这表明P.多串联电池可能会在更长的时间内适应不断升高的温度。表型可塑性对温度和 pCO2 升高的独特策略表明，这种在未来海洋中形成水华的有毒硅藻具有强大的适应能力。
Ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA) are recognized as two major climatic conditions influencing phytoplankton growth and nutritional or toxin content. However, there is limited knowledge on the responses of harmful algal bloom species that produce toxins. Here, the study provides quantitative and mechanistic understanding of the acclimation and adaptation responses of the domoic acid (DA) producing diatomPseudo-nitzschia multiseriesto rising temperature andpCO2using both a one-year in situ bulk culture experiment, and an 800-day laboratory acclimation experiment. Ocean warming showed larger selective effects on growth and DA metabolism than ocean acidification. In a bulk culture experiment, increasing temperature +4 °C above ambient seawater temperature significantly increased DA concentration by up to 11-fold. In laboratory when the long-term warming acclimated samples were assayed under low temperatures, changes in growth rates and DA concentrations indicated thatP. multiseriesdid not adapt to elevated temperature, but could instead rapidly and reversibly acclimate to temperature shifts. However, the warming-acclimated lines showed evidence of adaptation to elevated temperatures in the transcriptome data. Here the core gene expression was not reversed when warming-acclimated lines were moved back to the low temperature environment, which suggested thatP. multiseriescells might adapt to rising temperature over longer timescales. The distinct strategies of phenotypic plasticity to rising temperature andpCO2demonstrate a strong acclimation capacity for this bloom-forming toxic diatom in the future ocean.