Complex interactions between dietary and genetic factors impact lycopene metabolism and distribution.
Complex interactions between dietary and genetic factors impact lycopene metabolism and distribution.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.abb.2013.06.017
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发表时间：
2013-11-15
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Clinton, Steven K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moran, Nancy E;Erdman, John W Jr;Clinton, Steven K
番茄红素是一种在西红柿中发现的红色四萜类胡萝卜素，其摄入量在流行病学上与降低慢性疾病过程的风险有关，并且番茄红素已在许多体外和动物模型中证明了生物活性。然而，我们对人体吸收、组织分布和生物学影响的了解仍然非常有限。番茄红素的吸收很大程度上受到饮食成分的影响，尤其是脂肪量。脂蛋白中循环番茄红素的浓度可能进一步受到与脂质吸收和代谢相关的基因的许多变异的影响。番茄红素在组织中的分布并不均匀，脂肪、肝脏和血液是体内的主要来源，而与其他器官相比，睾丸、肾上腺和肝脏的浓度最高。番茄红素的组织浓度可能由脂蛋白受体、胆固醇转运蛋白和类胡萝卜素代谢酶的表达和遗传变异决定，从而影响番茄红素在靶作用位点的积累。遗传评估与番茄红素示踪剂相结合的新应用将能够确定哪些基因和多态性定义个体番茄红素代谢表型、对饮食变量的反应，并最终确定生物学和临床结果。更好地了解饮食、遗传学和番茄红素分布之间的关系将为更准确地解释流行病学发现提供必要的信息，并设计有效的、个性化的临床营养干预措施来解决有关健康结果的假设。
Intake of lycopene, a red, tetraterpene carotenoid found in tomatoes is epidemiologically associated with a decreased risk of chronic disease processes, and lycopene has demonstrated bioactivity in numerous in vitro and animal models. However, our understanding of absorption, tissue distribution, and biological impact in humans remains very limited. Lycopene absorption is strongly impacted by dietary composition, especially the amount of fat. Concentrations of circulating lycopene in lipoproteins may be further influenced by a number of variations in genes related to lipid absorption and metabolism. Lycopene is not uniformly distributed among tissues, with adipose, liver, and blood being the major body pools, while the testes, adrenals, and liver have the greatest concentrations compared to other organs. Tissue concentrations of lycopene are likely dictated by expression of and genetic variation in lipoprotein receptors, cholesterol transporters, and carotenoid metabolizing enzymes, thus impacting lycopene accumulation at target sites of action. The novel application of genetic evaluation in concert with lycopene tracers will allow determination of which genes and polymorphisms define individual lycopene metabolic phenotypes, response to dietary variables, and ultimately determine biological and clinical outcomes. A better understanding of the relationship between diet, genetics, and lycopene distribution will provide necessary information to interpret epidemiological findings more accurately and to design effective, personalized clinical nutritional interventions addressing hypotheses regarding health outcomes.