Nutrition of Black Women During Pregnancy.
Nutrition of Black Women During Pregnancy.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jogn.2017.01.007
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发表时间：
2017-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Roberts K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Myles M;Gennaro S;Dubois N;O'Connor C;Roberts K
目的：检查黑人妇女在怀孕中期和晚期的营养摄入的一致性和充分性。这是一项纵向描述性研究。数据收集自22-24周产前检查和随后两次检查的低风险怀孕妇女。参与者是从美国东北部一个城市的城市产前诊所招募的。自认为是黑人的孕妇(N=195)在三个研究时间点的每个时间点都获得了24小时的饮食回忆。食物模型和量杯被用来提高食物份量报告的准确性。饮食召回的数据被手动输入到Food Processor软件中，以计算营养含量。膳食摄入量采用线性混合效应模型进行检验。孕中期至孕晚期饮食结构稳定，卡路里摄入不足。女性每天的碳水化合物和蛋白质摄入量达到最低要求，但脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的总体百分比表明，额外的卡路里需要来自蛋白质。尽管超过80%的妇女定期服用产前维生素，但微量营养素和纤维的摄入量始终不足。帮助妇女识别富含纤维、蛋白质和微量营养素的食物的产前护理对妇女和新生儿的健康很重要。在知道营养摄入量一直不足的情况下，只要护士与孕妇接触，就可以进行咨询，试图改善营养摄入量，并使妇女意识到廉价的营养源。
To examine the consistency and adequacy of nutritional intake in a population of Black women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. This was a longitudinal descriptive study. Data were collected from women with low-risk pregnancies at 22–24 week prenatal visits and two subsequent visits. Participants were recruited from urban prenatal clinics in one city in the Northeastern United States. Pregnant women who self-identified as Black (N=195) A 24-hour diet recall was obtained at each of the three study time points. Food models and measuring cups were used to improve the accuracy of portion size reporting. Data from diet recalls were manually entered in Food Processor software to compute nutritional content. Dietary intake was examined using a linear mixed effect model. Dietary patterns were stable from the second to the third trimester and caloric intake was inadequate. Women met minimal daily requirements for carbohydrate and protein intake, but the overall percentages of fat, protein, and carbohydrates indicated that additional calories needed to come from protein. Although more than 80% of women regularly took prenatal vitamins, micronutrient and fiber intake were consistently inadequate. Prenatal care that helps women to identify foods that are high in fiber, protein, and micronutrients is important for the health of the women and newborns. Knowing that nutritional intake is consistently inadequate, whenever nurses are in contact with pregnant women counseling can occur in attempt to improve nutritional intake and make women aware of inexpensive nutrient sources.