Educational differences in excessive alcohol consumption: The role of psychosocial and material stressors
Educational differences in excessive alcohol consumption: The role of psychosocial and material stressors
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DOI：
10.1006/pmed.1999.0496
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Mackenbach, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Droomers, M;Schrijvers, CTM;Mackenbach, JP
背景资料。健康方面的社会经济差异主要由不健康行为的社会经济差异决定。然而，人们对过度饮酒等不健康行为的社会经济差异的解释机制知之甚少。在这篇论文中，我们考察了荷兰在过度饮酒方面的教育差异，以及这些差异是否可以通过经历压力和压力缓和因素的教育差异来解释。数据来自1991年社会经济健康差异纵向研究的基线调查。过量饮酒被定义为一周三天或三天以上饮酒超过六杯，或一周五天或五天以上饮酒超过四杯。社会经济地位由受教育程度来衡量。压力源分为心理社会因素和物质因素。只在饮酒者中分别对女性(n=756)和男性(n=1006)进行了分析。过度饮酒在教育程度较低的人群中更为普遍。物质压力，如经济问题、贫困和收入，与过度饮酒的部分教育梯度有关。压力缓解因素的差异与过度饮酒的文化程度无关。我们的结果表明，低教育水平人群物质条件的改善可以减少过度饮酒的社会经济差异。(C)1999年美国健康基金会和学术出版社。
Background. Socioeconomic differences in health are determined mainly by socioeconomic differences in unhealthy behavior. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms that account for socioeconomic differences in unhealthy behavior, such as excessive alcohol consumption. In this paper we examined educational differences in excessive alcohol consumption in The Netherlands and whether these may be explained by educational differences in experienced stress and stress-moderating factors.Methods. Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the Longitudinal Study on Socio Economic Health Differences in 1991. Excessive drinking was defined as drinking more than six glasses on 3 or more days a week or more than four glasses on 5 or more days a week. Socioeconomic status was indicated by educational level. Stressors were divided into psychosocial and material factors. Analyses were performed for women (n = 756) and men (n = 1,006) separately, among drinkers only.Results. Excessive alcohol consumption was more common among lower educational groups. Material stressors, such as financial problems, deprivation, and income, were related to part of the educational gradient in excessive alcohol consumption. Differences in stress-moderating factors were not related to the educational gradient in excessive drinking.Conclusions. Our results suggest that improvement of material conditions among the lower educational groups could result in a reduction of socioeconomic differences in excessive alcohol consumption. (C) 1999 American Health Foundation and Academic Press.