What Is Memory Aging the Aging Of
What Is Memory Aging the Aging Of
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什么是记忆老化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Perlmutter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Perlmutter
本文研究了男性和女性、高中和博士学历、20岁和60岁人群的记忆现象。在情景回忆和识别表现上观察到相当大的年龄下降。记忆表现的年龄差异不能归因于中介超载、中介能力缺陷、选择障碍或任何几种策略缺陷。在习得过程中产生联想加工的缺陷，以及习得和/或检索过程中的中介效率低下，可能是造成年龄缺陷的原因。成年人表现出广泛的概括抽象知识；对记忆有一定的了解，在记忆预测和记忆信心评估两项记忆监测技能方面有相当的能力。在这些类型的元记忆中没有观察到系统的年龄差异。人们认为，至少在最明显的解释中，队列效应不太可能解释衰老效应。记忆老化的限制废弃和预期衰退假说仍然站得住脚，生物学解释得到了一些支持。“这是不可能的。”由Marion Perlmutter提交的一篇论文，其风格和内容由：i\ \ Anari st ^yers， corr .ittee主席Richard S. Jiiogar^z, i< enber 'jarVin Vt .批准。德赫勒，我是阿列克谢·波拉采克。记得A'illiam L. Kl . Inner, i<。(编号：邦妮·思特里克兰，大学心理学系
This dissertation examined memory phenomena in male and female, high school and Ph.D. educated, 20 and 60 year olds. Sizable age decrements in episodic recall and recognition performance were observed. The age differences in memory performance could not be attributed to mediational overload, mediational capacity deficit, selector impairment, or any of several strategy deficits. An associative processing production deficiency at acquisition, and mediational inefficiency at acquisition and/or retrieval, probably contributed to the age deficits. The adults demonstrated a wide range of generalized-abstracted knov;ledge about memory, as well as considerable competence in two memory monitoring skills, memory prediction and memory confidence rating. No systematic age differences were observed in these types of metamemory. It was considered unlikely that cohort effects, at least in their most obvious interpretation, accounted for aging effects. Restricted disuse and expectation of decay hypotheses of memory aging remained tenable, and a biological explanation received some support. \'HAT IS iMiMvlORY AOT^IG THE AGING OP? A Dissertation Presented By Marion Perlmutter Approved as to style and content by: i\ancy Anari st ^yers, Chairperson of Corr.T.ittee Richard S. Jiiogar^z , i<eniber f'jarVin Vt . Daehler, i-iember Alexpnder Pollatsek, .'.ember A'illiam L. Kl Inner, i<.e(nber Bonnie Strickland, Lepartment nea; Psycholory