A computer-based measure of resultant achievement motivation.
A computer-based measure of resultant achievement motivation.
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基于计算机的结果成就动机测量。
DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.53.2.361
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Blankenship,V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blankenship,V
我们进行了三个实验，以基于愿望水平、成就动机和行动动力理论的结果开发了一种基于计算机的结果成就动机（RAM）个体差异测量方法。在实验 1 中，在 21 项以成就为导向的游戏的简单、中级和困难级别之间进行选择的试验中，非典型转变的数量和对激励的更大反应呈正相关，并且发现可以区分 62 名受试者（31 名男性，31 名女性）1 周后花在非成就任务（观看色彩设计）上的时间。在实验 2 中，使用 67 名受试者（15 名男性，52 名女性）建立了重测信度。点试验和无点试验分批进行，其中一半受试者首先进行点试验，另一半受试者首先进行无点试验。非典型转变措施的可靠性高于激励响应措施，并且首先提供积分时的可靠性更高。在实验 3 中，通过在实验条件下创建模拟计算机故障来操纵计算机焦虑。 59 名受试者（13 名男性，46 名女性）被随机分配到实验条件或两个控制条件之一（中断条件和无中断条件）。正如行动动力学理论所预测的那样，RAM 较低的受试者（如典型轮班次数较少所证明的那样）需要更长的时间来选择以成就为导向的任务。这种差异在所有条件下都很明显，并且在计算机故障条件下最为显着。讨论了焦点从非典型到典型的转变。
Three experiments were conducted to develop a computer-based measure of individual differences in resultant achievement motivation (RAM) on the basis of level-of-aspiration, achievement motivation, and dynamics-of-action theories. In Experiment 1, the number of atypical shifts and greater responsiveness to incentives on 21 trials with choices among easy, intermediate, and difficult levels of an achievement-oriented game were positively correlated and were found to differentiate the 62 subjects (31 men, 31 women) on the amount of time they spent at a nonachievement task (watching a color design) 1 week later. In Experiment 2, test-retest reliability was established with the use of 67 subjects (15 men, 52 women). Point and no-point trials were offered in blocks, with point trials first for half the subjects and no-point trials first for the other half. Reliability was higher for the atypical-shift measure than for the incentive-responsiveness measure and was higher when points were offered first. In Experiment 3, computer anxiety was manipulated by creating a simulated computer breakdown in the experimental condition. Fifty-nine subjects (13 men, 46 women) were randomly assigned to the experimental condition or to one of two control conditions (an interruption condition and a no-interruption condition). Subjects with low RAM, as demonstrated by a low number of typical shifts, took longer to choose the achievement-oriented task, as predicted by the dynamics-of-action theory. The difference was evident in all conditions and most striking in the computer-breakdown condition. A change of focus from atypical to typical shifts is discussed.