Effects of Napping on Alertness, Cognitive, and Physical Outcomes of Karate Athletes
Effects of Napping on Alertness, Cognitive, and Physical Outcomes of Karate Athletes
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0000000000001786
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Davenne, Damien
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daaloul, Houda;Souissi, Nizar;Davenne, Damien
研究目的：午睡是运动员最佳的恢复策略。然而，关于午睡对运动成绩影响的研究却很少。这项研究的目的是确定部分睡眠剥夺后小睡30分钟，或正常的夜间条件，对警觉性，疲劳，认知和身体结果的影响。方法将13名国家级男子空手道运动员随机分为午睡组和不午睡组，分别在睡眠剥夺后和睡眠剥夺后进行实验。下午1点小睡30分钟。午睡后的测试阶段开始于下午2：00，通过量化主观警觉性和疲劳度。在空手道专项测验（KST）前后分别采用简单反应时（SRT）测验、下反应测验（LRT）、心理旋转测验（MRT）、蹲跳（SJ）测验和反向运动跳跃（CMJ）测验测量认知和体能成绩。结果：经过一个参考夜晚，午睡改善了警觉性和认知结果（SRT，LRT和MRT）。在部分睡眠剥夺后，午睡恢复了主观警觉性和大多数测试（MRT，LRT和KST）中因睡眠不足而导致的性能下降，但在主观疲劳和CMJ方面没有观察到任何影响。在KST致疲劳后，小睡对运动成绩（CMJ和SJ）有一种能因性效应，对认知成绩（LRT）有一种部分心因性效应。结论：30分钟的小睡可以提高认知能力。这也是一种有效的策略，以克服由于睡眠不足或由于下午过度训练引起的疲劳而导致的认知和身体性能下降。
Purpose It has been suggested that napping is the best recovery strategy for athletes. However, researches on the impacts of napping on athletic performances are scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a 30-min nap after a partial sleep deprivation, or a normal night condition, on alertness, fatigue, and cognitive and physical outcomes. Methods Thirteen national-level male karate athletes were randomized to experience nap and no-nap conditions, after either a reference or a partial sleep deprivation night. The nap lasted 30 min at 1:00 pm. The postnap testing session started at 2:00 pm by quantifying subjective alertness and fatigue. Cognitive and physical performances were respectively measured before and after the karate-specific test (KST) by simple reaction time (SRT) test, lower reaction test (LRT), mental rotation test (MRT), squat jump (SJ), and counter movement jump (CMJ) tests. Results After a reference night, the nap improved alertness and cognitive outcomes (SRT, LRT, and MRT). No effects on subjective fatigue and physical performances were found. After a partial-sleep deprivation, the nap restored subjective alertness and the decrement in performances caused by sleep loss in most of the tests (MRT, LRT, and KST), but no effects were observed in subjective fatigue and CMJ. After the fatigue induced by KST, there was an ergogenic effect of the nap on the physical performances (CMJ and SJ), and a partial psychogenic effect on the cognitive performances (LRT). Conclusions A 30-min nap enhances cognitive outcomes. It is also an effective strategy to overcome the cognitive and physical deteriorations in performances caused either by sleep loss or by fatigue induced by exhaustive trainings in the afternoon.