Qualitative Assessment of Barriers and Facilitators of Access to HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China
Qualitative Assessment of Barriers and Facilitators of Access to HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China
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DOI：
10.1089/apc.2015.0083
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Amico, K. Rivet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Yu;Sun, Xiaoyun;Amico, K. Rivet
艾滋病毒的诊断是艾滋病毒连续护理的切入点;是最终预防进一步传播的公认必要条件。在中国，与其他高危人群相比，男男性行为者（MSM）的艾滋病毒检测率较低，但对中国男男性行为者的艾滋病毒检测经验尚不清楚。为了解决这一差距，并准备干预措施的发展，以促进艾滋病毒检测和治疗的快速联系，在北京与男男性接触者进行了六个焦点小组（FG）（40名艾滋病毒阳性男男性接触者参加了四个FG之一，20名艾滋病毒阴性或身份不明的男男性接触者参加了两个FG之一）。据报告，艾滋病毒检测面临的主要挑战包括与艾滋病毒和同性恋有关的耻辱和歧视、艾滋病毒知识有限、就诊时间不便、不知道在哪里获得免费检测、害怕阳性诊断或医院感染、认为服务质量低以及对艾滋病毒服务的关切/怀疑。主要促进因素包括补偿、同伴支持、专业精神、舒适的检测地点、快速检测、诊断后转诊和支持、通过参与高风险行为提高风险感、保护自我的责任感、家人和伴侣的支持以及通过社交媒体进行宣传。主题和建议在艾滋病毒阳性和阴性/状态未知的群体中基本一致，尽管在艾滋病毒阳性群体中颁布的耻辱的例子更普遍。研究结果为如何加强当前的艾滋病预防干预工作，以加强中国男男性接触者的“检测和治疗”策略提供了政策建议。
Diagnosis of HIV is the entry point into the continuum of HIV care; a well-recognized necessary condition for the ultimate prevention of onward transmission. In China, HIV testing rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) are low compared to other high risk subgroups, yet experiences with HIV testing among MSM in China are not well understood. To address this gap and prepare for intervention development to promote HIV testing and rapid linkage to treatment, six focus groups (FGs) were conducted with MSM in Beijing (40 HIV-positive MSM participated in one of four FGs and 20 HIV-negative or status unknown MSM participated in one of two FGs). Major themes reported as challenges to HIV testing included stigma and discrimination related to HIV and homosexuality, limited HIV knowledge, inconvenient clinic times, not knowing where to get a free test, fear of positive diagnosis or nosocomial infection, perceived low service quality, and concerns/doubts about HIV services. Key facilitators included compensation, peer support, professionalism, comfortable testing locations, rapid testing, referral and support after diagnosis, heightened sense of risk through engagement in high-risk behaviors, sense of responsibility to protect self, family and partner support, and publicity via social media. Themes and recommendations were generally consistent across HIV-positive and negative/status unknown groups, although examples of enacted stigma were more prevalent in the HIV-positive groups. Findings from our study provide policy suggestions for how to bolster current HIV prevention intervention efforts to enhance 'test-and-treat' strategies for Chinese MSM.