The PGL family proteins associate with germ granules and function redundantly in Caenorhabditis elegans germline development
The PGL family proteins associate with germ granules and function redundantly in Caenorhabditis elegans germline development
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.103.023093
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Strome, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawasaki, L;Amiri, A;Strome, S
PGL-1是线虫胚芽颗粒（也称为P颗粒）的组成蛋白成分。母体提供的 PGL-1 对于种系发育至关重要，但仅限于高温条件下，这增加了冗余因子在较低温度下提供足够功能的可能性。通过对秀丽隐杆线虫基因组进行序列分析，并通过酵母双杂交筛选与 PGL-1 相互作用的蛋白质，我们鉴定了两种 PGLA 相关蛋白质：PGL-2 和 PGL-3。 PGL-3 在发育的所有阶段都与 P 颗粒相关，而 PGL-2 仅在胚胎后发育期间与 11 个颗粒相关。所有三种 PGL 蛋白在体外都会相互作用。此外，PGL-1和PGL-3是从胚胎提取物中免疫共沉淀的，表明它们在体内确实处于相同的蛋白质复合物中。尽管如此，每个PGL。蛋白质独立于其他两个颗粒定位于 P 颗粒。 pgl-2或pgl-3单突变蠕虫在种系发育中没有表现出明显的缺陷。然而，pgl-1；与单独的pgl-1相比，pgl-3（但不是pgl-2；pgl-1）双突变雌雄同体和雄性在所有温度下都表现出显着增强的不育性。突变的雌雄同体在种系增殖以及健康配子和存活胚胎的产生方面表现出缺陷。我们的研究结果表明，PGL-2 和 PGL-3 都是 P 颗粒的组成部分，两者都与 PGL-1 相互作用，并且至少 PGL-3 与 PGL-1 具有冗余功能，以确保线虫两性的生育能力。
PGL-1 is a constitutive protein component of C. elegans germ granules, also known as P granules. Maternally supplied PGL-1 is essential for germline development but only at elevated temperature, raising the possibility that redundant factors provide sufficient function at lower temperatures. We have identified two PGLA-related proteins, PGL-2 and PGL-3, by sequence analysis of the C. elegans genome and by a yeast two-hybrid screen for proteins that interact with PGL-1. PGL-3 is associated with P granules at all stages of development, while PGL-2 is associated with 11 granules only during postembryonic development. All three PGL proteins interact with each other in vitro. Furthermore, PGL-1 and PGL-3 are co-immuno-precipitated from embryo extracts, indicating that they are indeed in the same protein complex in vivo. Nevertheless, each PGL. protein localizes to P granules independently of the other two. pgl-2 or pgl-3 single-mutant worms do not show obvious defects in germline development. However, pgl-1; pgl-3 (but not pgl-2; pgl-1) double-mutant hermaphrodites and males show significantly enhanced sterility at all temperatures, compared to pgl-1 alone. Mutant hermaphrodites show defects in germline proliferation and in production of healthy gametes and viable embryos. Our findings demonstrate that both PGL-2 and PGL-3 are components of P granules, both interact with PGL-1, and at least PGL-3 functions redundantly with PGL-1 to ensure fertility in both sexes of C. elegans.