Analyses of the discomforts aroused by stimulus sentences
Analyses of the discomforts aroused by stimulus sentences
复制标题
刺激句引起的不适分析
DOI：
10.4092/jsre.3.64
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Tetsuji Ito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keiichiro Tsuji;Tatsuya Okuda;Keisuke Takahashi;Tetsuji Ito
本研究试图分析不适感与感觉形态及受试者性别的关系。二十名学生被要求用二十七个句子自由描述他们想象的体验，描述除味觉之外的四种感觉方式的不同刺激的情况。他们亦被要求以五分量表分别评定他们对重现相应情境的难易程度、引起不适的难易程度及不适的强度的判断，不适分为“感觉型情感”及“认知型情感”：前者是由感觉事件直接诱发的情感，例如“我害怕黑暗本身”到刺激句“独自一人夜游”，而后者是通过认知加工引起的情感，例如“我想到我可能会被袭击而感到害怕”。此外，不适判断为表明应对行为的潜力进行了检查，以计算其频率。结果表明：（1）被试在回忆情境的难易程度和引起不适的难易程度上不存在显著的方式和性别差异;（2）在四种情感模式中，感觉型情感被唤起的频率均高于认知型情感。更密切地说，感觉为基础的影响是显着占主导地位的触觉和嗅觉的方式，而认知为基础的频率是相对较高的视觉和听觉的方式。女性比男性更多的报告认知为基础的影响。3)感觉型情感的强度表现为两个变量及其交互作用的主效应，而认知型情感的强度仅表现为通道效应。听觉和嗅觉的感觉型情感强度最高，视觉的认知型情感强度最高。4)基于感觉的影响的应对行为潜力高于基于认知的影响。表现出潜在性的不适感的强度高于没有表现出潜在性的不适感。
This study attempted to analyze discomforts in relation to sensory modality and subject's gender. Twenty students were asked to give free description of the experiences they imagined with twenty-seven sentences depicting the situations of a distinct stimulation of four sensory modalities except for gustation. They were also required to rate on the five-point scale their judgments of easiness for reproducing the corresponding situation, easiness for arousing discomfort, and intensity of the discomfort, respectively.Discomforts were divided into "sensation-based affect" and "cognition-based affect": The former is the affect induced directly by sensory event, as exampled by"I fear darkness itself" to a stimulus sentence "Make a night journey alone", whilst the latter is the affect aroused through cognitive processing, as exampled by"I get a fright by thinking I may be assaulted". Also, discomforts judged as indicating the potentiality for coping behaviour were checked to count their frequency. These judgments were made by experimenters.The results obtained were as follows: 1) There found no significant difference among modalities and genders, in easiness for recollecting the situation and easiness for arousing the discomfort. 2 ) In all of the four modalities, sensation-based affect was aroused more frequently than cognition-based one. More closely, sensation-based affect was significantly dominant in tactual and olfactory modalities, whilst frequency of cognition-based one was relatively high in both visual and auditory modalities. Females gave larger number of reports on cognition-based affect than males did. 3) Intensity of sensation-based affect showed main effects of two variables and their interaction, whilst that of cognition-based affect showed the modality effect alone. Intensity of sensation-based affect was higher in audition and olfactions, while that of cognition-based affect was the highest in vision. 4) Potentiality for coping behaviour was higher for sensation-based affect than for cognition-based one. Intensity was higher for the discomfort showing the potentiality than for the discomfort showing no sign of it.