Neighborhood risk factors for obesity
Neighborhood risk factors for obesity
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/oby.2007.251
复制
发表时间：
2007-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Lopez, Russ P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lopez, Russ P.
目的：本研究的目的是探讨居住在美国主要大都市地区的成年人样本中与肥胖相关的社区环境因素。研究方法和程序：这是一项多层次的研究，结合了美国行为风险因素监测系统和美国人口普查的数据。1998年至2002年间，共有15358名生活在327个邮政编码制表地区的受试者接受了调查。结果为肥胖（BMI bb30），评估的独立变量包括个人水平变量（年龄、教育程度、收入、吸烟状况）。性别、黑人种族和西班牙裔)和邮政编码水平变量（黑人百分比、西班牙裔百分比、高中以上教育程度百分比、零售密度、企业密度、就业密度、人口密度、超市的存在、十字路口密度、家庭收入中位数和快餐店密度）。结果：在控制个体水平因素后，家庭收入中位数[相对风险(RR) = 0.992；95%可信区间(CI) = 0.990, 0.994)、人口密度（RR 0.98: 95% CI = 0.972, 0.990）、就业密度（RR 1.004: 95% C1 = 1.001, 1.009）、企业密度（RR = 0.981, 95% CI 0.964, 0.999）和超市的存在（RR 0.893, 95% CI = 0.815, 0.978）与肥胖风险相关。快餐店的密度与肥胖风险的关系不大。讨论：生活地点可能影响肥胖状况。考虑到超市的存在对肥胖风险的影响，努力解决食物获取问题可能是减少肥胖的首要任务。
Objective: The goal of this study was to explore neighborhood environmental factors associated with obesity in a sample of adults living in a major U.S. metropolitan area.Research Methods and Procedures: This was a multi-level study combining data from the U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System with data from the U.S. Census. A total of 15,358 subjects living in 327 zip code tabulation areas were surveyed between 1998 and 2002. The outcome was obesity (BMI > 30), and independent variables assessed included individual level variables (age, education, income, smoking status. sex, black race, and Hispanic ethnicity), and zip code level variables (percentage black, percentage Hispanic, percentage with more than a high school education, retail density, establishment density, employment density, population density, the presence of a supermarket, intersection density, median household income, and density of fast food outlets).Results: After controlling for individual level factors, median household income [relative risk (RR) = 0.992; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.990, 0.994], population density (RR 0.98: 95% CI = 0.972, 0.990), employment density (RR 1.004: 95% C1 = 1.001, 1.009), establishment density (RR = 0.981 95% CI 0.964, 0.999), and the presence of a supermarket (RR 0.893; 95% CI = 0.815, 0.978) were associated with obesity risk. Fast food establishment density was poorly associated with obesity risk. Discussion: Where one lives may affect obesity status. Given the influence of the presence of a supermarket on obesity risk, efforts to address food access might be a priority for reducing obesity.