OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE AMONG GERMAN EMPLOYEES
OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE AMONG GERMAN EMPLOYEES
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DOI：
10.1136/gut.31.9.1037
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发表时间：
1990-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
24.5
通讯作者：
SONNENBERG, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SONNENBERG, A
以前的报告表明，克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎影响的人在白色白领职业与较高的收入和较高的社会阶层比其他群体的人口更频繁。这项研究试图进一步进行这些分析，并调查炎症性肠病在各个职业中的分布。德国社会保障的“康复”统计数据被用来评估克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的职业分布。从1982年到1988年，共有12014人因炎症性肠病而获得康复。在砌砖工、筑路工人、非熟练砖瓦工、非熟练劳工和保安人员中，男性炎症性肠病发病率较低。从事清洁和维修工作的妇女以及没有职业的妇女的失业率较低。相比之下，在仪器制造者、电工、面包师和技术助理中，男性的流行率较高。在女性雇员中，炎症性肠病与销售代表、办公室工作人员、卫生职业和理发师显著相关。这些关联在1982- 1988年的完整数据以及1982- 1985年和1986- 1988年两个半期的单独数据中都能找到。在男性和女性员工中，克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的职业分布之间存在高度显着的相关性。似乎涉及露天工作和体育锻炼的职业具有保护性，而暴露于空调人工工作条件或长时间和不规则的轮班工作则有感染炎症性肠病的风险。
Previous reports have shown that both Crohn''s disease and ulcerative colitis affect people in white collar occupations associated with higher income and higher social class more frequently than other groups in the population. This study sought to carry these analyses one step further and investigate the distribution of inflammatory bowel disease by individual occupations. The German social security statistics for ''rehabilitation'' were used to assess the occupational distribution of Crohn''s disease and ulcerative colitis. From 1982 to 1988, a total of 12014 people were granted rehabilitation as a result of inflammatory bowel disease. Low male prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease was found among bricklayers, road construction workers, unskilled workers in brick and stone, unskilled labourers, and security personnel. Low rates were found among women employed in cleaning and maintenance, and in those without occupation. In contrast, a high male prevalence was found among instrumental makers, electricians, bakers, and technical assistants. Among female employees, inflammatory bowel disease was significantly associated with sales representatives, office workers, health occupations, and hairdressers. These associations were found in the complete data for 1982-8 as well as in the separate data for the two half periods 1982-5 and 1986-8. Highly significant correlations between the occupational distribution of Crohn''s disease and ulcerative colitis were found among both male and female employees. It seems that occupations involving work in the open air and physical exercise are protective, while being exposed to airconditioned aritificial working conditions or extended and irregular shift working confer a risk of contracting inflammatory bowel disease.