Historical population changes of Adelie penguins in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, and its climatic forcings
Historical population changes of Adelie penguins in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, and its climatic forcings
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108308
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发表时间：
2023-09-16
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Liu，Xiaodong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zheng，Zhangqin;Jin，Jing;Liu，Xiaodong
据报告，大气-海洋环流模式，特别是罗斯海区域的两种主要大气环流模式----南方环形模式和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动----对气候和海洋生态系统有很大影响。然而，从历史的角度来看，大气-海洋环流模式对企鹅种群的影响在这一地区仍然不清楚。在这里，我们分析了两个湖泊沉积物岩心收集的废弃企鹅殖民地在无法表达的岛，罗斯海，南极洲，并通过应用替代地球化学指标，成功地重建了过去1500年的阿德利企鹅（Pygoscelis adeliae）的人口。我们发现，企鹅的人口在公元750-1350年达到顶峰，这可能是由于气候变暖导致栖息地扩张。在与伯德角、邓洛普岛和阿代尔角的企鹅数量历史记录进行比较后，发现在公元750-1350年期间，罗斯海的企鹅数量普遍增加。人口趋势也与厄尔尼诺和SAM（+）的极端活动相吻合。我们推测SAM-ENSO可能促进了绕极和修正的绕极深层沃茨流入罗斯海。营养丰富的深水的增加流入，加上气候变暖，可能会共同提高冰间湖的效率和阿德利企鹅的人口增加。我们的研究表明，ENSO和SAM在南极生态系统的调节中的潜在的重要作用。
The atmospheric-oceanic circulation patterns, especially for the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), two major atmospheric circulation patterns in the Ross Sea region, have been reported to greatly affect climate and marine ecosystems. However, from a historical perspective, the influence of atmospheric-oceanic circulation patterns on penguin populations remains unclear in this region. Here, we analyzed two lacustrine sediment cores collected from abandoned penguin colonies at Inexpressible Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica, and by applying alternative geochemical indices, successfully reconstructed the populations of the Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) over the past ∼1500 years. We found that penguin population peaked during 750–1350 AD at Inexpressible Island, potentially due to habitat expansion in the warmer climate. After comparing with historical records of penguin populations at Cape Bird, Dunlop Island, and Cape Adare, all were found to have a common increase during the 750-1350 AD period in the Ross Sea. The population trend also coincided with extreme activities of El Niño and SAM (+). We inferred that the SAM-ENSO might promote influxes of Circumpolar and Modified Circumpolar Deep Waters into the Ross Sea. The enhanced influx of nutrient-rich deep water, together with a warmer climate may jointly enhance polynya efficiency and population increase of Adélie penguins. Our study indicates the potentially significant roles of ENSO and SAM in the regulation of Antarctic ecosystems.