Interspecific body size differentiation in species assemblages of the carabid subgenus Ohomopterus in Japan
Interspecific body size differentiation in species assemblages of the carabid subgenus Ohomopterus in Japan
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DOI：
10.1007/pl00012006
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Ishikawa, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sota, T;Takami, Y;Ishikawa, R
对日本步甲亚属 Ohomopterus（步甲属；鞘翅目，步甲科）的 15 个物种进行了地理变异和体型（体长）种间分化的分析。该亚属的当地物种组合由多达 5 个不同大小级别的物种组成。这些甲虫在体型上表现出性别二态性，雌性比雄性大，但 Carabus uenoi 除外，其中雄性和雌性大小相当，可能是因为雄性生殖器夸张。在15个物种中，有9个物种的平均体型与栖息地的年平均温度呈正相关，这与伯格曼规则相反。然而，在某些情况下，由于区域差异，这种相关性在物种范围内并不成立。当比较异域种群和同域种群时，异域种群和同域种群的体型比同域种群更大。这些种内差异可能是由于字符位移造成的。在每个具有2个或更多物种的局部组合中，体型大小几乎没有种间重叠，尽管体型相邻的两个物种之间的体型比很少表现出严格的恒定性。群落中两个相邻物种之间的平均体型比随着物种数量的增加而减小，而群落中最大与最小物种的体型比随着物种数量的增加而增加（即体型范围的扩大）。这些结果表明，同型翼属物种的体型大小可能是随着气候条件和种间相互作用而进化的。由于每个物种或物种组在分布范围内代表相同大小的类别，并且大小相似的物种是近源性或异域性的，因此局部组合中体型大小的种间隔离可能主要是由于定殖期间的体型分类过程造成的。
Geographic variation and interspecific differentiation in body size (body length) were analyzed for 15 species of the carabid subgenus Ohomopterus (genus Carabus; Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Japan. Local species assemblages of this subgenus consist of up to 5 species of different size classes. These beetles exhibited sexual dimorphism in body size where females are larger than males, except Carabus uenoi, in which the male and female sizes were equivalent, possibly because of the exaggerated male genitalia. In 9 of 15 species, there was a positive correlation between mean body size and annual mean temperature of habitat, representing the converse of Bergmann's rule. However, in some cases this correlation does not hold over the range of a species because of regional differences. When allopatric and sympatric populations were compared, allopatric populations of Carabus albrechti and C. japonicus had larger bodies than sympatric populations. These intraspecific differences may have resulted from character displacement. In each local assemblage with 2 or more species, there was little interspecific overlap of body size, although the body size ratio between two species with adjacent body sizes seldom showed strict constancy. The mean size ratio between 2 adjacent species in an assemblage was reduced with the number of species, whereas the size ratio of the largest to smallest species in an assemblage increased with the number of species (i.e., the expansion of body size range). These results indicate that the body size of Ohomopterus species may have evolved in response to both climatic conditions and interspecific interactions. Because each species or species group represents the same size class over the distribution range and similar-sized species are parapatric or allopatric, the interspecific segregation in body size in local assemblages may have resulted mainly from a size assortment process during colonization.