Leaflet Tissue Generation from Microfibrous Heart Valve Leaflet Scaffolds with Native Characteristics.
Leaflet Tissue Generation from Microfibrous Heart Valve Leaflet Scaffolds with Native Characteristics.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/acsabm.1c00768
复制
发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
S. Jana;David Morse;A. Lerman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Jana;David Morse;A. Lerman
目前用于替换患病心脏瓣膜的机械瓣膜和生物瓣膜并不完全有效。心脏瓣膜组织工程可以解决心脏瓣膜置换术中人工瓣膜面临的问题。天然心脏瓣膜的小叶具有三层结构，具有特定层的方向；因此，开发具有天然三层定向结构的功能性小叶组织构建体势在必行。其关键解决方案是开发具有天然形态和结构的小叶支架。在这项研究中，在静电纺丝系统中开发了具有天然三层和定向结构的微纤维小叶支架。将支架植入大鼠皮下 3 个月，以研究支架生成功能性组织工程小叶结构的效率。这些体内组织工程小叶构建体具有类似于天然小叶的三层定向结构。结构的拉伸特性表明它们能够承受天然心脏瓣膜的流体动力负载。在小叶组织结构中充分发现了胶原蛋白、糖胺聚糖和弹性蛋白（天然小叶的主要细胞外基质成分）。小叶组织构建体中的驻留细胞显示波形蛋白和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白表达，即构建体处于生长状态。因此，本研究中生产的三层定向纤维小叶支架可用于开发心脏瓣膜支架，以成功进行心脏瓣膜置换。
Mechanical and bioprosthetic valves that are currently applied for replacing diseased heart valves are not fully efficient. Heart valve tissue engineering may solve the issues faced by the prosthetic valves in heart valve replacement. The leaflets of native heart valves have a trilayered structure with layer-specific orientations; thus, it is imperative to develop functional leaflet tissue constructs with a native trilayered, oriented structure. Its key solution is to develop leaflet scaffolds with a native morphology and structure. In this study, microfibrous leaflet scaffolds with a native trilayered and oriented structure were developed in an electrospinning system. The scaffolds were implanted for 3 months in rats subcutaneously to study the scaffold efficiencies in generating functional tissue-engineered leaflet constructs. These in vivo tissue-engineered leaflet constructs had a trilayered, oriented structure similar to native leaflets. The tensile properties of constructs indicated that they were able to endure the hydrodynamic load of the native heart valve. Collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and elastin─the predominant extracellular matrix components of native leaflets─were found sufficiently in the leaflet tissue constructs. The residing cells in the leaflet tissue constructs showed vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin expression, i.e., the constructs were in a growing state. Thus, the trilayered, oriented fibrous leaflet scaffolds produced in this study could be useful to develop heart valve scaffolds for successful heart valve replacements.