Can tropical grasses grown as cover crops improve soil phosphorus availability?
Can tropical grasses grown as cover crops improve soil phosphorus availability?
复制标题
作为覆盖作物种植的热带草可以提高土壤磷的利用率吗？
DOI：
10.1111/sum.12439
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Almeida D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Almeida D
作为覆盖作物种植的热带草可以动员土壤中的磷（P），并已被建议作为一种工具，以增加土壤磷循环和生物有效性。本研究的目的是评估热带草对土壤磷的动态，不稳定性，解吸动力学和生物有效性的大豆，特别是测试的假设，即在种植系统中引入草种可能会影响土壤磷的有效性和大豆的发展，根据土壤磷浓度。在磷素营养状况不同的土壤中种植了三种禾本科牧草，如紫草、栅栏草和几内亚草。种植大豆后，草，以评估土壤磷的生物有效性。在培养之前和之后，测定薄膜中的赫德利P分级、微生物生物量P、植酸酶不稳定P和扩散梯度。结果表明，牧草对土壤磷有再活化作用，降低了土壤中难溶性磷的含量。草对改变磷解吸动力学参数的影响并不能直接解释所观察到的大豆磷生物有效性的变化。草和微生物增溶柠檬酸盐有机磷（Po）形式和作为覆盖作物生长的热带草增加了大豆的磷生物利用度，主要是由于低磷土壤中草残体分解提供的磷。然而，在高磷土壤中与这些草轮作时，没有观察到大豆磷营养的明显优势。这项研究表明，进一步的优势，大豆磷营养后，热带草可能会受到阻碍植酸，这是不容易获得的植物。
Tropical grasses grown as cover crops can mobilize phosphorus (P) in soil and have been suggested as a tool to increase soil P cycling and bioavailability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tropical grasses on soil P dynamics, lability, desorption kinetics and bioavailability to soya bean, specifically to test the hypothesis that introducing grass species in the cropping system may affect soil P availability and soya bean development according to soil P concentration. Three grass species, ruzi grass (Urochloa ruziziensis), palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha) and Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus), were grown in soils with contrasting P status. Soya bean was grown after grasses to assess soil P bioavailability. Hedley P fractionation, microbial biomass P, phytase‐labile P and the diffusive gradient in thin films were determined, before and after cultivation. It was found that grasses remobilized soil P, reducing the concentration of recalcitrant P forms. The effect of grasses on changing the P desorption kinetics parameters did not directly explain the observed variation on P bioavailability to soya bean. Grasses and microorganisms solubilize recalcitrant organic P (Po) forms and tropical grasses grown as cover crops increased P bioavailability to soya bean mainly due to the supply of P by decomposition of grass residues in low‐P soil. However, no clear advantages in soya bean P nutrition were observed when in rotation with these grasses in high‐P soil. This study indicates that further advantages in soya bean P nutrition after tropical grasses may be impeded by phytate, which is not readily available to plants.
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