SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND SMOKING: EVIDENCE USING MULTIPLE STUDENT COHORTS, INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES, AND SCHOOL FIXED EFFECTS
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND SMOKING: EVIDENCE USING MULTIPLE STUDENT COHORTS, INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES, AND SCHOOL FIXED EFFECTS
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DOI：
10.1002/hec.1488
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Fletcher, Jason M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fletcher, Jason M.
在本文中，我使用社交互动框架来检测个人吸烟决定是否受到同学吸烟决定的影响。解决这个问题面临着几个巨大的挑战，包括学校（以及同学）通过居住地点选择的内生性、“第三因素”，例如同时影响个人和同学选择的学校层面的不可观察因素，以及社会互动经验模型中参数识别的困难。为了解决这些问题，我使用工具变量/固定效应方法来比较同一所高中不同年级的学生，他们面临不同的同学和同学的决定。首选规范表明，将吸烟的同学比例增加 10% 将使个人吸烟的可能性增加约 3 个百分点。我将这些结果与之前无法使用学校固定效应和/或使用潜在无效工具的研究结果进行比较，发现当前的结果表明青少年吸烟决定中的社会互动比之前的一些工作要少。版权所有 (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In this paper, I use a social interactions framework to detect whether individual smoking decisions are influenced by classmate smoking decisions. There are several large challenges in addressing this question, including the endogeneity of school (and thus classmates) through residential location choices, 'third factors' such as school-level unobservables that influence individual and classmate choices simultaneously, and the difficulty of the identification of parameters in empirical models of social interactions. In order to address these issues, I use an instrumental variables/fixed effects methodology that compares students in different grades within the same high school who face a different set of classmates and classmates' decisions. Preferred specifications suggest that increasing the proportion of classmates who smoke by 10% will increase the likelihood an individual smokes by approximately 3 percentage points. I compare these results with previous findings that are unable to use school fixed effects and/or use potentially invalid instruments and find that the current results suggest smaller social interactions in adolescent smoking decisions than some previous work. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.