COEVOLUTION AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS
COEVOLUTION AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01801.x
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bascompte, Jordi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nuismer, Scott L.;Jordano, Pedro;Bascompte, Jordi
虽然共同进化被广泛认为是相互专业的物种对的一个重要的进化过程，但它在物种丰富的广义物种群落中的重要性受到了质疑。在这里，我们开发和分析互惠群落的数学模型，例如植物和传粉者之间的模型，或者植物和种子传播者之间的模型，以评估复杂群落中共同进化选择的重要性。我们的分析表明，共同进化选择可以驱动特征分布的显着变化，并对互惠社区的网络结构产生重要影响。一个这样的结果是，社区内互惠互动的速度几乎一直在增加，从而导致更大的联系。另一个重要后果是嵌套模式的改变。具体地说，当共同进化选择较弱时，由表型匹配机制调节的相互作用往往是反利益的，而随着共同进化选择的增加有利于互惠专业化的出现，这种相互作用往往是反利益的。相反，当共同进化选择较弱时，由表型差异机制介导的相互作用往往是嵌套的，但随着共同进化选择的增加，嵌套较少，有利于在植物和动物中更高水平的泛化。综上所述，我们的结果表明，共同进化选择可以成为互惠社区中的一股重要力量，推动特征分布、互动率甚至网络结构的变化。
Although coevolution is widely recognized as an important evolutionary process for pairs of reciprocally specialized species, its importance within species-rich communities of generalized species has been questioned. Here we develop and analyze mathematical models of mutualistic communities, such as those between plants and pollinators or plants and seed-dispersers to evaluate the importance of coevolutionary selection within complex communities. Our analyses reveal that coevolutionary selection can drive significant changes in trait distributions with important consequences for the network structure of mutualistic communities. One such consequence is greater connectance caused by an almost invariable increase in the rate of mutualistic interaction within the community. Another important consequence is altered patterns of nestedness. Specifically, interactions mediated by a mechanism of phenotype matching tend to be antinested when coevolutionary selection is weak and even more strongly antinested as increasing coevolutionary selection favors the emergence of reciprocal specialization. In contrast, interactions mediated by a mechanism of phenotype differences tend to be nested when coevolutionary selection is weak, but less nested as increasing coevolutionary selection favors greater levels of generalization in both plants and animals. Taken together, our results show that coevolutionary selection can be an important force within mutualistic communities, driving changes in trait distributions, interaction rates, and even network structure.