Vision and the diversification of Phanerozoic marine invertebrates
Vision and the diversification of Phanerozoic marine invertebrates
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DOI：
10.1666/10066.1
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kiessling, Wolfgang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aberhan, Martin;Nuernberg, Sabine;Kiessling, Wolfgang
识别促进进化成功的生物特征对于理解生物多样性动态和评估生物体对全球变化的进化反应至关重要。我们检验了这样的假设：形成图像的眼睛促进了地质历史中类群的多样化。利用古生物学数据库中的化石，我们根据视觉能力分析了生活在浅水海底或浅水海底之上的 17,000 多个显生宙海洋无脊椎动物属的多样性和进化率。对完整数据集的分析表明，可见属的比例多样性在显生宙早期达到峰值，并在奥陶纪之后继续保持在相对较低和稳定的水平。作为对这种模式的解释，我们认为，在寒武纪，发育眼睛的选择压力上升，而行为限制此后产生了平衡效应。与汇总数据相反，对包含有视力属和盲属的亚群进行的一项研究表明，在三叶虫中，所有表层双壳类、果胶双壳类、腹足类和棘皮动物有视力属的多样性比盲属更强。这种差异是通过盲属灭绝率显着提高来控制的。这些更精细解析的模式支持这样的假设：良好的视力是促进偏好多样化的关键特征。
Identifying biological traits that promote evolutionary success is fundamental for understanding biodiversity dynamics and for assessing the evolutionary response of organisms to global change. We tested the hypothesis that image-forming eyes have contributed to the diversification of taxa in the geological past. Using fossil occurrences in the Paleobiology Database, we analyzed the: diversity and evolutionary rates of more than 17,000 Phanerozoic genera of marine invertebrates living on or above the shallow-water seafloor according to their visual capabilities. Analysis of the complete data set shows a peak in the proportional diversity of sighted genera early in the Phanerozoic, and their continuance at a relatively low and stable level after the Ordovician. As an explanation of this pattern we suggest that selection pressure to develop eyes rose in the Cambrian, and that behavioral constraints had a balancing effect thereafter. In contrast to the pooled data, a chide-level study of those subgroups that contain both sighted and blind genera revealed that-in trilobites, all epifaunal bivalves, pectinoid bivalves, gastropods, and echinoderms-sighted genera diversified more strongly than blind genera. This difference is controlled by significantly raised extinction rates of blind genera. These more finely resolved patterns support the hypothesis that good vision is a key trait that promoted preferential diversification.