Configuring the Older Non-User: Between Research, Policy and Practice of Digital Exclusion
Configuring the Older Non-User: Between Research, Policy and Practice of Digital Exclusion
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DOI：
10.17645/si.v8i2.2607
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Wanka, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gallistl, Vera;Rohner, Rebekka;Wanka, Anna
老年人在访问互联网时面临重大障碍。可以采取哪些措施来消除这些障碍？本文从研究、政策和实践三个不同层面分析了解决与年龄有关的数字鸿沟的现有战略。它分析了（1）在研究晚年使用和不使用互联网时使用的科学概念，（2）奥地利解决老年人使用（不）互联网问题的政策，以及（3）根据欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查（SHARE，第6波），奥地利老年人不使用互联网的特点。分析表明，奥地利的政策倾向于强调学习数字技术的个人责任，而对基础设施投资等结构性问题的重视程度较低。然而，SHARE的数据显示，实际上只有一小部分不使用因特网的老年人得到了这种干预。因此，本文建议，政策需要基于其战略更精细的理解互联网的使用和不使用在以后的生活，以及更细致入微的形象，老年非用户。正如本文所述，批判文化老年学的观点强调，技术采用是一个发生在老年人日常生活中的驯化过程，解决与年龄相关的数字鸿沟的干预措施应该以这些过程为起点。
Older adults face significant barriers when accessing the Internet. What can be done to address these barriers? This article analyses existing strategies to tackle the age-related digital divide on three different levels: research, policy and practice. It analyses (1) scientific conceptualisations that are used when studying Internet use and non-use in later life, (2) policies that address older adults' Internet (non-)use in Austria and (3) characteristics of older Austrian non-users of the Internet based on the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE, wave 6). Analysis shows that Austrian policy tends to emphasise the individual responsibility to learn digital technologies, while placing a lower priority on structural issues, such as investments in infrastructure. However, SHARE data shows that only a small percentage of older non-users of the Internet is in fact reached with such interventions. Thus, this article suggests that policy needs to base its strategies on more refined understandings of Internet use and non-use in later life as well as a more nuanced image of the older non-user. A perspective of critical-cultural gerontology, as laid out in this article, highlights that technology adoption is a domestication process that takes place in the everyday lives of older adults, and it is these processes that interventions that tackle the age-related digital divide should take as a starting point.