The behavioral genetics of alcoholism
The behavioral genetics of alcoholism
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8721.00026
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发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
McGue, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGue, M
双胞胎和收养研究一致暗示遗传因素对酗酒风险的重要性，特别是在男性中。遗传性估计表明，大约50%至60%的酗酒倾向的变异性与遗传因素有关。虽然在识别易患酒精中毒的特定基因方面取得了进展，但我们对酒精中毒风险的遗传影响的性质知之甚少。我们对遗传因素如何与环境因素联合收割机一起影响酒精中毒风险也知之甚少。基因型-环境相互作用模型表明，当个体既遗传了酗酒的易感性，又在挑衅性的环境中长大时，就会发生酗酒。这些模型对于理解酒精中毒的病因学有着巨大的希望。
Twin and adoption studies consistently implicate the importance of genetic influences on alcoholism risk, especially in men. Heritability estimates suggest that approximately 50% to 60% of the variability in alcoholism liability is associated with genetic factors. Although there has been progress in identifying specific genes that predispose toward alcoholism, we know relatively little about the nature of the genetic influence on alcoholism risk. We also know relatively little about how genetic factors combine with environmental factors to affect alcoholism risk. Genotype-environment interaction models posit that alcoholism occurs when individuals both inherit a vulnerability to develop alcoholism and are reared in a provocative environment. Such models hold great promise for understanding alcoholism's etiology.