Practical Applications of Superhydrophobic Materials and Coatings: Problems and Perspectives
Practical Applications of Superhydrophobic Materials and Coatings: Problems and Perspectives
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03908
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发表时间：
2020-03-17
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Erbil, H. Yildirim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Erbil, H. Yildirim
合成超疏水（SH）表面是20世纪90年代以后发展起来的，目前该领域的出版物数量约为13500篇。然而，经过近二十年的深入研究，SH涂层的工业化生产仍不尽如人意。主要原因是当SH表面暴露于室外条件时，由于其弱的机械性能和来自去除初始SH性能的介质的污染而导致防水性能的损失。在这篇专题文章中，我们将重点介绍阻碍SH表面在我们日常生活中应用的科学和技术原因，并重点介绍这一领域中一些众所周知但大多被忽视的问题。(The SH表面的合成方法不是这篇文章的主题，因为它们以前在非常好的文章中进行了综述。第一部分回顾了基本接触角科学以及Wenzel和Cassie-Baxter方程的取消问题。昂贵且小规模的SH表面制备问题、获得透明SH表面的困难、由SH表面上的水蒸气冷凝引起的麻烦、大多数SH表面缺乏鲁棒性和耐磨性、所制造的自修复SH表面的缺点、由于表面污染导致的自清洁SH表面的使用寿命短、并对失效的防冰SH涂层进行了评述。在结论和展望部分中，对影响SH表面不成功的工业应用的一些重要问题进行了批判性的讨论。最后，对SH曲面的合成和应用提出了一些建议。
Synthetic superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces were developed after 1990s, and the number of publications in this field is around 13 500 at present. However, the industrial production of SH coatings is very unsatisfying after the intensive research activity in the last two decades. The main reason is the loss of the water repellence properties when SH surfaces are exposed to outdoor conditions due to their weak mechanical properties and contamination from the medium which removes the initial SH properties. In this Feature Article, we focus on the scientific and technical reasons which prevent the application of the SH surfaces in our daily lives by highlighting some well-known but mostly overlooked problems in this area. (The synthesis methods of SH surfaces are not the subject of this article since they were reviewed previously in very good articles.) The basic contact angle science and the issue of the cancellation of the Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter equations are reviewed in the first part. The issues of the expensive and small-scale SH surface preparation problems, the difficulties in obtaining a transparent SH surface, the troubles arising from the water vapor condensation on an SH surface, the lack of robustness and abrasion resistance of most of the SH surfaces, the drawbacks of the fabricated self-healing SH surfaces, the short useful service life of self-cleaning SH surfaces due to surface contamination, and the ineffective anti-icing SH coatings are reviewed in the following text. Some important problems affecting the unsuccessful industrial applications of the SH surfaces are discussed critically in the Conclusions and Outlook section. Finally, some proposals are presented for future directions on the synthesis and applications of SH surfaces.