Systemic and mitochondrial adaptive responses to moderate exercise in rodents
Systemic and mitochondrial adaptive responses to moderate exercise in rodents
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.08.015
复制
发表时间：
2008-01-15
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Navarro, Ana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boveris, Alberto;Navarro, Ana
对适度运动的全身和非肌肉适应性反应进行了综述，并与适度和力竭运动的肌肉反应进行了比较。参与自愿车轮跑步的大鼠和终生进行跑步机锻炼的小鼠的中位寿命增加了10%-19%。小鼠的神经功能也有所改善，如神经肌肉协调性(35-216%)改善(钢丝测试)和探索活动(T迷宫)改善(11%-27%)。这些效应与适度运动降低高血糖、高胆固醇血症和高血压的全身效应是一致的。从运动小鼠的大脑、肝脏、心脏和肾脏分离的线粒体显示，复合体IV的活性选择性地增加了12-32%，复合体IV的活性与钢索测试中的表现显著相关。慢性运动训练24周后，四个脏器的线粒体总胆红素和蛋白质羰基含量降低(10-20%)。蛋白质羰基与复合体IV活性呈线性负相关。运动可增加人肌肉和小鼠脑组织中nNOS的水平。结论：慢性适度运动对全身的有益作用超过肌肉适应，可能是通过机械敏感型传入神经和β-内啡肽释放到脑和血浆中，促进远隔器官线粒体的生物发生。(C)2007 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
The systemic and nonmuscular adaptive response to moderate exercise is reviewed and compared with muscle responses to moderate and exhaustive exercise. Rats participating in voluntary wheel running and mice subjected to treadmill exercise on a lifelong basis showed 10-19% increased median life span. Mice also showed improved neurological functions, such as better (35-216%) neuromuscular coordination (tightrope test) and better (11-27%) exploratory activity (T maze). These effects are consistent with the systemic effects of moderate exercise lowering hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. Mitochondria, isolated from brain, liver, heart, and kidney of exercised mice show a 12-32% selectively increased complex IV activity, with a significant correlation between complex IV activity and performance in the tightrope test. Chronic exercise decreases (10-20%) the mitochondrial content of TBARS and protein carbonyls in the four organs after 24 weeks of training. Protein carbonyls were linearly and negatively related to complex IV activity. Exercise increased the levels of nNOS mu in human muscle and of nNOS in mouse brain. It is concluded that chronic moderate exercise exerts a whole-body beneficial effect that exceeds muscle adaptation, likely through mechanosensitive afferent nerves and beta-endorphin release to brain and plasma that promote mitochondrial biogenesis in distant organs. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.