Adaptation to prolonged or repeated stress - Comparison between rat strains showing intrinsic differences in reactivity to acute stress
Adaptation to prolonged or repeated stress - Comparison between rat strains showing intrinsic differences in reactivity to acute stress
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DOI：
10.1159/000127196
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Spencer, RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dhabhar, FS;McEwen, BS;Spencer, RL
Sprague-Dawley （SD）、Fischer 344 （F344）和Lewis （LEW）大鼠被广泛用于各种实验室研究。与SD和LEW大鼠相比，F344大鼠在急性应激或免疫挑战时表现出明显更大的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的激活。这些HPA轴反应性的差异已经成为许多研究免疫学和行为参数菌株差异的基础。然而，HPA轴对长时间应力或重复应力的适应性的应变差异尚未被研究。本系列研究表明，在单次长时间应激过程中，F344大鼠ACTH和皮质酮水平明显高于SD和LEW大鼠。此外，F344大鼠在单次长时间（4小时）应激过程中，或在10天的重复应激过程中，几乎没有表现出对皮质酮应激反应的习惯化或适应性。相比之下，SD大鼠和LEW大鼠在压力过程中和压力过程中都表现出习惯化。重复应激后F344大鼠（SD大鼠和LEW大鼠）显著的肾上腺肥大也反映了HPA轴反应性的应变差异。这些结果表明，在急性应激条件下观察到的HPA轴响应性的应变差异在长时间或重复应激下进一步放大。这些在长期或重复应激条件下的差异可能因此放大在基础和挑战条件下观察到的菌株之间的行为和免疫差异。
Sprague-Dawley (SD), Fischer 344 (F344) and Lewis (LEW) rats are used in a wide variety of laboratory studies. Compared to SD and LEW rats, F344 rats show significantly greater activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to acute stress, or to immunologic challenge. These differences in HPA axis responsivity have been the basis for numerous studies investigating strain differences in immunological and behavioral parameters. However, strain differences in the adaptation of the HPA axis response to prolonged stress, or to repeated stress, have not been investigated. This series of studies demonstrates that F344 rats maintain significantly higher ACTH and corticosterone levels than SD and LEW rats during a single prolonged stress session. Furthermore, F344 rats show virtually no habituation or adaptation of the corticosterone stress response during a single prolonged (4 h) stress session, or during stress sessions repeated over a period of 10 days. In contrast, SD and LEW rats show habituation both within and across stress sessions. Strain differences in HPA axis responsivity are also reflected in the significant adrenal hypertrophy observed in F344 rats (but not in SD or LEW rats) following repeated stress. These results show that strain differences in HPA axis responsivity, which are observed under conditions of acute stress, are further amplified during prolonged or repeated stress. These differences under prolonged or repeated stress conditions may consequently magnify the behavioral and immunological differences observed between strains under basal as well as challenged conditions.