Meiotic DSBs and the control of mammalian recombination.
Meiotic DSBs and the control of mammalian recombination.
复制标题
减数分裂 DSB 和哺乳动物重组的控制。
DOI：
10.1038/cr.2012.109
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Petkov,Petko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paigen,Kenneth;Petkov,Petko
Galina Petukhova和R丹尼尔Camerini-Obern的实验室在确定DNA双链断裂（DSB）的全基因组位点方面取得了重大技术进展，DSB是减数分裂期间染色单体之间遗传交换过程开始的地方。将这些新方法应用于小鼠雄性减数分裂，他们的实验结果大大增加了我们对这些过程的本质和调控的认识。遗传重组是所有有性生殖生物成功减数分裂的关键，它在其中扮演着双重角色，确保减数分裂I中染色体的正确分离，并产生新的等位基因组合，作为进化选择的底物。重组在后一种作用中的重要性由于以下事实而增强：存在由现有基因的串联复制产生的新基因的快速进化，这些基因的新拷贝现在可用于改变的甚至全新的功能[1]，但是这种紧密的接近要求形成这些功能的新组合取决于紧密连锁的基因之间的遗传重组。在一个更经验的背景下，基因重组发挥着使遗传学成为可能的操作作用;它是我们如何确定基因沿着染色体的相对位置，绘制基因图谱，以及基因组的遗传结构。
The laboratories of Galina Petukhova and R Daniel Camerini-Otero have achieved significant technical advances in determining the genomewide sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) where the process of genetic exchange between chromatids during meiosis begins. Applying the new approaches to male meiosis in mice, their experimental results considerably increase our insights into the nature and regulation of these processes.Genetic recombination is essential for successful meiosis in all sexually reproducing organisms, where it plays the dual roles of assuring proper segregation of chromosomes in Meiosis I and generating new allelic combinations that serve as the substrates for evolutionary selection. The importance of recombination in this latter role is enhanced by the fact that there is a rapid evolution of new genes arising by tandem duplications of existing genes whose new copies are now available for altered or even entirely new functions [1], but this close proximity requires that forming new combinations of these functions depends on genetic recombination among closely linked genes. In a more empirical context, genetic recombination plays the operational role of making the science of genetics possible; it is how we determine the relative positions of genes along chromosomes, map the