IDENTIFYING TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE NEEDS IN COMMUNITY COALITIONS - A DEVELOPMENTAL-APPROACH
IDENTIFYING TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE NEEDS IN COMMUNITY COALITIONS - A DEVELOPMENTAL-APPROACH
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DOI：
10.1093/her/8.3.417
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发表时间：
1993-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
STEVENSON, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FLORIN, P;MITCHELL, R;STEVENSON, J
为促进健康和预防各种社会问题而组织的社区联盟最近受到联邦和州决策者以及私人基金会的极大关注。社区联盟是由组织、团体和机构组成的正式联盟，它们为了一个共同的目标而走到一起（德鲁希，1990）。根据公共卫生和初级预防方面的文献，联合方法是合理的，因为它在个人和更广泛的环境层面上进行了全面的、社区范围的尝试，以解决多种风险因素，并有可能实现影响的协同最大化（Green和Raeburn, 1988; Bernard, 1989； Holder和Giesbrecht， 1990）。利用基础广泛的、代表选民的组织，这种方法也被提倡作为增加公民参与和社区对规划的所有权的一种手段，特别是在被剥夺权利的高风险群体中，早期的预防方法往往无法达到（Chavis和Florin, 1990; Fawcett et al., 1993）。关于联盟在特定社区取得成功的新闻报道使越来越多的公民感到兴奋，他们希望在自己的社区重现这些成功。尽管这种方法具有广泛的吸引力和理论上的前景，但社区实施这种复杂而困难的模型所需的能力仍然不清楚（Steward和Klitzner， 1992）。缺乏系统的实证数据，优势不足
Community coalitions organized for health promotion and prevention of a variety of social problems have recently received dramatically increased attention from federal and state policy makers as well as private foundations. A community coalition is a formal alliance of organizations, groups and agencies that have come together to work for a common goal (Dluhy, 1990). Drawing on the public health and primary prevention literatures, the coalition approach has been justified by its comprehensive, community-wide attempt to address multiple risk factors at both individual and broader environ-mental levels, with the potential for a synergistic maximization of impact (Green and Raeburn, 1988; Bernard, 1989; Holder and Giesbrecht, 1990). Making use of broad-based, constituency-represent-ing organizations, this approach has also been advocated as a means to increase citizen participation and community ownership of programming, particularly among disenfranchised, high-risk groups, often not reached by earlier prevention approaches (Chavis and Florin, 1990; Fawcett et al., 1993). Press reports about the success of coalition efforts in particular communities have excited growing numbers of citizens who wish to recreate these successes in their own communities. Despite the popular appeal and theoretical promise of this approach, the capacities needed by communities to implement this complex and difficult model remains unclear (Steward and Klitzner, 1992). The lack of systematic empirical data on the strengths, weak-