Genetic analysis of life-history constraint and evolution in a wild ungulate population.
Genetic analysis of life-history constraint and evolution in a wild ungulate population.
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野生有蹄类动物种群生活史约束和进化的遗传分析。
DOI：
10.1086/664686
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Morrissey MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morrissey MB
生活史特征之间的权衡是进化论的核心。在数量遗传学术语中，权衡可能表现为相对于表型性状选择方向的负遗传协方差。虽然表达和选择的生态重要的表型变异从根本上是多变量的现象，在原位量化的遗传协方差是具有挑战性的。即使对于生活史性状，其中存在着发达的理论与相关的表型变异的健身变化，很少有证据存在从原位研究，负的遗传协方差是一个重要方面的遗传结构的生活史性状。事实上，大多数报道的生活史性状之间的遗传协方差估计是积极的。在这里，我们应用理论的遗传学和选择的生活史在生物体具有复杂的生命周期，提供了一个框架，量化的贡献，多变量遗传性状之间的关系，进化约束。我们使用贝叶斯框架链接的遗传基础上的生活史性状的变化，以进化人口学理论，关于如何选择生活史的遗传基础的基于谱系的推断。我们的研究结果表明，遗传协方差可能会发挥作用，以限制在野生种群的红鹿马鹿的雌性生活史性状的进化：遗传协方差估计减少约40%的适应率，相对于预测的进化变化的情况下，遗传协方差。此外，女性生活史性状之间的多变量表型（而不是遗传）关系并没有揭示这种约束。
Trade-offs among life-history traits are central to evolutionary theory. In quantitative genetic terms, trade-offs may be manifested as negative genetic covariances relative to the direction of selection on phenotypic traits. Although the expression and selection of ecologically important phenotypic variation are fundamentally multivariate phenomena, the in situ quantification of genetic covariances is challenging. Even for life-history traits, where well-developed theory exists with which to relate phenotypic variation to fitness variation, little evidence exists from in situ studies that negative genetic covariances are an important aspect of the genetic architecture of life-history traits. In fact, the majority of reported estimates of genetic covariances among life-history traits are positive. Here we apply theory of the genetics and selection of life histories in organisms with complex life cycles to provide a framework for quantifying the contribution of multivariate genetically based relationships among traits to evolutionary constraint. We use a Bayesian framework to link pedigree-based inference of the genetic basis of variation in life-history traits to evolutionary demography theory regarding how life histories are selected. Our results suggest that genetic covariances may be acting to constrain the evolution of female life-history traits in a wild population of red deerCervus elaphus: genetic covariances are estimated to reduce the rate of adaptation by about 40%, relative to predicted evolutionary change in the absence of genetic covariances. Furthermore, multivariate phenotypic (rather than genetic) relationships among female life-history traits do not reveal this constraint.