Design of the second-generation ARIANNA ultra-high-energy neutrino detector systems
Design of the second-generation ARIANNA ultra-high-energy neutrino detector systems
复制标题
第二代ARIANNA超高能中微子探测器系统设计
DOI：
10.1109/nssmic.2015.7581856
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Kleinfelder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Kleinfelder
我们报告的七个站的ARIANNA Hanguonal射电阵列中微子探测器系统在南极洲的发展。ARIANNA项目的主要目标是利用分散在罗斯冰架表面上相距1公里的大型自主站阵列观测超高能（>100 PeV）宇宙成因中微子特征。阵列中的每个站都检测100 MHz至1 GHz的无线电发射，包括RF天线、放大器、2 G采样/s信号采集和触发电路I.C. (the“SST”）、嵌入式CPU、32 GB固态数据存储、20 Ah LiFePO 4电池（带相关电池管理单元）、铱短脉冲通信卫星和长距离WiFi通信。新的SST芯片是完全同步的，包含4个通道，每个通道256个样本，获得6个数量级的采样率范围高达2 GHz的采集速度。该器件实现了1.5 GHz带宽、12位RMS动态范围、>600 MHz触发带宽时约1 mV RMS触发灵敏度和ps级定时精度。电力由太阳和LiFePO 4蓄电池提供，第二代电站平均耗电4 W。该站的触发能力将触发率降低到几毫赫兹，阈值≤4-sigma，同时保持中微子信号的高效率。
We report on the development of the seven station ARIANNA Hexagonal Radio Array neutrino detector systems in Antarctica. The primary goal of the ARIANNA project is to observe ultra-high energy (>100 PeV) cosmogenic neutrino signatures using a large array of autonomous stations each dispersed 1 km apart on the surface of the Ross Ice Shelf. Sensing radio emissions of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, each station in the array contains RF antennas, amplifiers, a 2 G-sample/s signal acquisition and trigger circuit I.C. (the “SST”), an embedded CPU, 32 GB of solid-state data storage, a 20 Ah LiFePO4 battery with associated battery management unit, Iridium short-burst messaging satellite and long-distance WiFi communications. The new SST chip is completely synchronous, contains 4 channels of 256 samples per channel, obtains 6 orders of magnitude sample rate range up to 2 GHz acquisition speeds. It achieves 1.5 GHz bandwidth, 12 bits RMS of dynamic range, ~1 mV RMS trigger sensitivity at >600 MHz trigger bandwidth and ps-level timing accuracy. Power is provided by the sun and LiFePO4 storage batteries, and the second-generation stations consume an average of 4W of power. The station's trigger capabilities reduce the trigger rates to a few milli-Hertz with ≤4-sigma thresholds while retaining high efficiency for neutrino signals.