Neighborhood context and sexual behaviors among adolescents: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
Neighborhood context and sexual behaviors among adolescents: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
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DOI：
10.1363/3712505
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Braveman, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cubbin, C;Santelli, J;Braveman, P
上下文青少年性行为是一个重大的公共卫生问题，因为性传播疾病的风险和少女怀孕的负面社会后果。邻里特征与青少年性行为的发生和避孕措施的使用之间的关系尚不清楚。对国家青少年健康纵向研究第一波中7-12年级的14,151名青少年的数据进行多水平logistic回归分析，研究了四个邻里维度之间的关系（社会经济特征、规范和机会结构、社会解体以及种族和民族构成）以及首次性行为和最近一次性行为时的避孕药具使用情况。个人和家庭水平的协变量是家庭收入，父母的教育，种族和民族，年龄和家庭结构。多变量分析按性别分层。结果：所有四个维度的邻里环境独立与性启动。对于女性来说，居住在一个有更多空闲或黑人居民的年轻人的社区与性启动的几率增加有关，而已婚家庭或西班牙裔居民的更大集中度与启动几率降低有关。男性的高启蒙与贫困或闲散青年的高度集中有关，而低启蒙则与富裕家庭或职业妇女的高度集中有关。唯一的关联与避孕药具的使用是，女性在社区有更多的空闲青年有一个减少的可能性，使用避孕药具在第一次性行为。结论：邻里的情况下似乎是适度与青少年的性启动。然而，很少有人支持邻里对避孕使用的影响，这表明其他因素可能在塑造青少年的避孕行为中发挥更重要的作用。
CONTEXT. Adolescent sexual behaviors are a significant public health concern because of the risks of STDs and the negative social consequences of teenage pregnancies. Associations between neighborhood characteristics and adolescents' initiation of sex and contraceptive use are poorly understood.METHODS: Multilevel logistic regression analyses of data from 14,151 adolescents in grades 7-12 in Wave 1 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health examined the relationships between four neighborhood dimensions (socioeconomic characteristics, norms and opportunity structure, social disorganization, and racial and ethnic composition) and the initiation of sex and contraceptive use at first and most recent sex. Individual-and household level covariates were family income, parental education, race and ethnicity, age and family structure. Multivariate analyses were stratified by gender.RESULTS: All four dimensions of neighborhood context were independently associated with sexual initiation. For females, living in a neighborhood with a greater concentration of youth who were idle or black residents was associated with increased odds of sexual initiation, whereas a greater concentration of married households or Hispanic residents was associated with decreased odds of initiation. Higher initiation among males was associated with a higher concentration of poverty or idle youth, while lower initiation was found with a higher concentration of affluent households or working women. The sole association with contraceptive use was that females in neighborhoods with more idle youth had a reduced likelihood of having used contraceptives at first sex.CONCLUSIONS: Neighborhood context appears to be modestly associated with the sexual initiation of adolescents. However, little support was found for neighborhood influence on contraceptive use, suggesting that other factors may play a more important role in shaping adolescents' contraceptive behaviors.