Epidemiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adults in the Community in England
Epidemiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adults in the Community in England
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DOI：
10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.38
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Meltzer, Howard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brugha, Traolach S.;McManus, Sally;Meltzer, Howard
背景：据我们所知，没有关于成人自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）流行病学的公开信息。如果孤独症的患病率正在增加，在老年人的利率预计将低于年轻adultes.Objective：估计的患病率和特征的成人ASD生活在社区在England.Design：一个分层的，多相随机样本被用于第三次全国调查的精神疾病发病率在成年人在英格兰在2007年。对调查数据进行了加权处理，以考虑研究设计和无应答情况，从而使调查结果能够代表家庭人口。（即私人住户）。参与者：成人（16岁或以上的人）。主要结果测量：自闭症诊断观察表，第2阶段的模块4与第3阶段的自闭症诊断访谈-修订版和社交和沟通障碍诊断访谈进行了验证。第一阶段使用自闭症谱系商数自我完成问卷的20个项目子集来选择第二阶段的受访者。受访者还提供了社会人口统计学和他们使用的心理健康service.Results：7461成人参与者提供了一个完整的第1阶段的采访，618完成了第2阶段的诊断评估。成人ASD的加权患病率估计为9.8/1000（95%置信区间，3.0-16.5）。患病率与受访者的年龄无关。男性、没有学历者和居住在出租的社会（政府资助）住房中的人的比率更高。有没有证据表明，增加使用的服务，心理健康problem.Conclusions：进行流行病学研究ASD在成年人是可行的。ASD在这一人群中的患病率与儿童中的患病率相似。缺乏与年龄的关联是一致的，因为患病率没有增加，其原因在时间上是恒定的。生活在社区中的ASD成年人在社会上处于不利地位，往往不被承认。
Context: To our knowledge, there is no published information on the epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in adults. If the prevalence of autism is increasing, rates in older adults would be expected to be lower than rates among younger adults.Objective: To estimate the prevalence and characteristics of adults with ASD living in the community in England.Design: A stratified, multiphase random sample was used in the third national survey of psychiatric morbidity in adults in England in 2007. Survey data were weighted to take account of study design and nonresponse so that the results were representative of the household population.Setting: General community (ie, private households) in England.Participants: Adults (people 16 years or older).Main Outcome Measures: Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Module 4 in phase 2 validated against the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders in phase 3. A 20-item subset of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient self-completion questionnaire was used in phase 1 to select respondents for phase 2. Respondents also provided information on sociodemographics and their use of mental health services.Results: Of 7461 adult participants who provided a complete phase 1 interview, 618 completed phase 2 diagnostic assessments. The weighted prevalence of ASD in adults was estimated to be 9.8 per 1000 (95% confidence interval, 3.0-16.5). Prevalence was not related to the respondent's age. Rates were higher in men, those without educational qualifications, and those living in rented social (government-financed) housing. There was no evidence of increased use of services for mental health problems.Conclusions: Conducting epidemiologic research on ASD in adults is feasible. The prevalence of ASD in this population is similar to that found in children. The lack of an association with age is consistent with there having been no increase in prevalence and with its causes being temporally constant. Adults with ASD living in the community are socially disadvantaged and tend to be unrecognized.