Thermodynamic limits of body dimension of warm blooded animals
Thermodynamic limits of body dimension of warm blooded animals
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DOI：
10.1515/jnetdy.2000.006
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Ahlborn, BK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ahlborn, BK
代谢率Gamma（0）= a（0）M（0.73）[W]，a（0）= 3.6，不同体重M [kg]的动物决定了它们的产热量Q'和它们的机械功率输出P。生活在寒冷环境中的小型温血动物的代谢产热量为M-t的鸟类和陆生哺乳动物的体重设定了较低的尺寸限制，对于快速水生哺乳动物，M-b大于或等于0.01 kg，M-aq大于或等于10 kg。鸟类必须以速度v（fl）= 15 M（1/6）[m/s]飞行才能保持在高处，但它们的肌肉只能产生小于或等于约50 M（-0.25）[m/s]的代谢速度v（Gamma）。这些条件产生了飞行鸟类的身体尺寸上限：M-b，M-max小于或等于15 kg。步行速度与体重成比例，v（步行）与M-1/6成比例，而耐力跑的传播速度几乎与体重无关。这使得对于体重M大于或等于600 kg的动物，步行比耐力跑快。
The metabolic rates Gamma(0) = a(0)M(0.73) [W], a(0) = 3.6, of animals of different body masses M [kg] determines their heat production Q' and their mechanical power output P. The metabolic heat production of small warm blooded animals living in a cold environment sets lower size limits for the body mass of birds and terrestrial mammals of M-t,M-b greater than or equal to 0.01 kg and M-aq greater than or equal to 10 kg for fast aquatic mammals. Birds must travel at the speed v(fl) = 15M(1/6) [m/s] in order to stay aloft, but their muscles only generate the metabolic velocity v(Gamma) less than or equal to approximate to 50M(-0.25) [m/s]. These conditions yield an upper body size limit for flying birds: M-b,M-max less than or equal to 15 kg. Walking speeds scale with body mass as v(walk) proportional to M-1/6, while propagation speeds for endurance running are nearly independent of body mass. This makes walking faster than endurance running for animals with body masses M greater than or equal to 600 kg.