Miniaturized Six-Degree-of-Freedom Force/Moment Transducers for Instrumented Teeth
Miniaturized Six-Degree-of-Freedom Force/Moment Transducers for Instrumented Teeth
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DOI：
10.1109/jsen.2017.2696035
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
F. Becker;Rudolf Jäger;F. Schmidt;B. Lapatki;O. Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Becker;Rudolf Jäger;F. Schmidt;B. Lapatki;O. Paul
在正畸治疗中，牙齿移动是通过向个别牙齿施加力和力矩来实现的。由于缺少尺寸合适的力/力矩传感器(FMT)，外加力和力矩矢量的测量一直是一个挑战。本文报道了为此目的而开发的两种六自由度FMT，分别称为设计A和设计B。他们的测量原理利用了作用在他们身上的外部载荷引起机械应力分布的事实，并使用集成在CMOS传感器芯片中的压阻式微型传感器来映射这些应力分布。在设计A中，两个金属管脚夹在一个传感器芯片中，而在较新的设计B中，两个芯片以背靠背的配置安装在两个管脚之间。设计B的直径为4.5毫米，长度为16.4毫米，略大于设计A，但仍可与牙根相媲美。通过在临床相关的±3N和±30NMM范围内施加力和力矩，对两种设计进行了校准和测试。由设计A改为设计B，灵敏度矩阵的最小奇异值提高了10倍。设计B的三个力分量的分辨率分别为21mN、39mN和100mN，三个力矩分量的分辨率分别为${24\×{10^{-3}}{~\Text{NMM}}$、${33\×{10^{-3}{~\Text{NMM}}和${4\×{10^{-3}}{~\Text{NMM}}$。与设计A相比，这些数值提高了2.3至4.5倍。
Tooth movement in orthodontic therapy is achieved by application of forces and moments to individual teeth. For lack of properly sized force/moment transducers (FMTs), the measurement of the applied force and moment vectors has remained a challenge. This paper reports on two six-degree-of-freedom FMTs termed Designs A and B, which were developed for this purpose. Their measurement principle makes use of the fact that external loads acting on them cause mechanical stress distributions, which are mapped using piezoresistive microsensors integrated in CMOS sensor chips. In Design A, two metal pins sandwich a single sensor chip, whereas in the newer Design B two CMOS chips are mounted in a back-to-back configuration between two pins. With a diameter of 4.5 mm and length of 16.4 mm, Design B is slightly larger than Design A, but still comparable with a tooth root. The two designs were calibrated and tested by applying forces and moments in the clinically relevant ranges of ±3 N and ±30 Nmm. The design changes from Designs A to B improve the smallest singular value of the sensitivity matrix by a factor of 10. The resolution achieved by Design B is 21 mN, 39 mN, and 100 mN for the three force components and ${24\times {10^{-3}}}{~\text {Nmm}}$ , ${33\times {10^{-3}}}{~\text {Nmm}}$ , and ${4\times {10^{-3}}}{~\text {Nmm}}$ for the three moment components. In comparison with Design A, these values represent improvements by factors of 2.3 to 4.5.