Cancer screening, prevention, and treatment in people with mental illness.
Cancer screening, prevention, and treatment in people with mental illness.
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DOI：
10.3322/caac.21334
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wender RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weinstein LC;Stefancic A;Cunningham AT;Hurley KE;Cabassa LJ;Wender RC
与普通公众相比，我国精神疾病患者的死亡时间要早几十年。这种差异大部分与可预防和可治疗的慢性病有关，许多研究发现癌症是第二大死因。个人生活方式因素，例如吸烟或对治疗的依从性有限，通常被认为是影响精神疾病患者风险的非常重要的因素。然而，许多背景或系统层面的因素加剧了这些个体因素，并可能从根本上推动精神疾病患者之间的健康差异。我们进行了综合综述，以总结有关精神疾病患者的癌症预防、筛查和治疗的实证文献。虽然正在开发和测试多种干预措施来解决这些人群的烟草依赖和肥胖问题，但有效性的证据相当有限，而且基本上所有预防干预措施都集中在个人层面。该综述仅找到一篇已发表的文章，描述了促进癌症筛查和改善精神疾病患者癌症治疗的循证干预措施。根据我们对文献的回顾以及作者的经验和专业知识，我们在每个部分的结论中都提出了个人、人际、组织、社区和政策层面的建议，这些建议可能会改善精神疾病患者的癌症预防、筛查和治疗。
People with mental illness die decades earlier in our country when compared to the general public Most of this disparity is related to preventable and treatable chronic conditions, with many studies finding cancer as the second leading cause of death. Individual lifestyle factors, such as smoking or limited adherence to treatment, are often cited as highly significant issues in shaping risk among persons with mental illness. However, many contextual or systems-level factors exacerbate these individual factors and may fundamentally drive health disparities among people with mental illness. We conducted an integrative review in order to summarize the empirical literature on cancer prevention, screening, and treatment for people with mental illness. While multiple interventions are being developed and tested to address tobacco dependence and obesity in these populations, the evidence for effectiveness is quite limited, and essentially all prevention interventions focus at the individual level. This review was able to find only one published article describing evidence-based interventions to promote cancer screening and improve cancer treatment in people with mental illness. Based on our review of the literature and the experience and expertise of the authors, we conclude each section with suggestions at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy level that may improve cancer prevention, screening, and treatment in people with mental illness.