Galectin-9 in Cancer Therapy
Galectin-9 in Cancer Therapy
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DOI：
10.2174/1872214811307020006
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Masaki, Tsutomu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fujihara, Shintaro;Mori, Hirohito;Masaki, Tsutomu
Galectin-9 是一种串联重复型半乳糖凝集素，具有两个碳水化合物识别结构域，首次被鉴定为嗜酸性粒细胞趋化剂和激活因子。随后的研究表明，半乳糖凝集素9与其他半乳糖凝集素类似，可调节多种生物学功能，包括细胞聚集和粘附以及肿瘤细胞的凋亡。 Galectin-9 最近被证明对癌细胞具有抗增殖作用。最近的研究发现了 T 细胞免疫球蛋白 mucin-3 (Tim-3)（半乳糖凝集素 9 的一种受体）的其他机制，通过促进 CD8+ T 细胞耗竭和诱导骨髓源性抑制细胞的扩增来负向调节 T 细胞反应。这些机制涉及肿瘤生长和逃避免疫。在许多实体癌中，半乳糖凝集素 9 表达的丧失与转移进展密切相关，重组半乳糖凝集素 9 的治疗可防止各种临床前癌症模型中的转移扩散。在此，我们回顾了galectin-9的生物学和生理作用，并讨论了galectin-9在癌症中的治疗潜力以及相关专利。
Galectin-9 is a tandem-repeat type galectin with two carbohydrate-recognition domains, and it was first identified as an eosinophil chemoattractant and activation factor. Subsequent studies revealed that galectin-9, similar to other galectins, modulates a variety of biological functions including cell aggregation and adhesion, as well as apoptosis of tumor cells. Galectin-9 has recently been shown to have an anti-proliferative effect on cancer cells. Recent studies have uncovered additional mechanisms by which T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3), a receptor for galectin-9, negatively regulates T cell responses by promoting CD8+ T cell exhaustion and inducing expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. These mechanisms are involved in tumor growth and escape from immunity. In many solid cancers, the loss of galectin-9 expression is closely associated with metastatic progression, and treatment with recombinant galectin-9 prevents metastatic spread in various preclinical cancer models. Here, we review the biology and physiological role of galectin-9, and discuss the therapeutic potential of galectin-9 in cancer as well as relevant patents.