In Planta Cell Wall Engineering: From Mutants to Artificial Cell Walls
In Planta Cell Wall Engineering: From Mutants to Artificial Cell Walls
复制标题
植物细胞壁工程：从突变体到人造细胞壁
DOI：
10.1093/pcp/pcab157
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Mitsuda Nobutaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yoshida Kouki;Sakamoto Shingo;Mitsuda Nobutaka
为了减轻全球变暖的影响，保护有限的化石燃料资源，需要增加对植物性材料和燃料的开发，这将是与可持续发展有关的最重要的创新之一。细胞壁占植物干生物量的大部分，这类创新的目标也是如此。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了通过基因操作进行植物细胞壁工程的最新进展，重点是基于野生型和基于突变的方法。使用野生型方法的悠久历史导致了许多操纵木质素、半纤维素和果胶以减少细胞壁阻力的策略的发展。除了酶编码基因外，许多转录因子基因对改变相关的细胞壁特征也很重要。尽管基于突变的细胞壁工程相对较新，但由于基因组编辑技术和系统生物学相关研究的快速发展，它已经变得可行；我们很快将进入一个通过对许多工业重要树木和作物进行复杂的基因操作来设计人造木材生产的时代。
To mitigate the effects of global warming and to preserve the limited fossil fuel resources, an increased exploitation of plant-based materials and fuels is required, which would be one of the most important innovations related to sustainable development. Cell walls account for the majority of plant dry biomass and so is the target of such innovations. In this review, we discuss recent advances in in planta cell wall engineering through genetic manipulations, with a focus on wild-type-based and mutant-based approaches. The long history of using a wild-type-based approach has resulted in the development of many strategies for manipulating lignin, hemicellulose and pectin to decrease cell wall recalcitrance. In addition to enzyme-encoding genes, many transcription factor genes important for changing relevant cell wall characteristics have been identified. Although mutant-based cell wall engineering is relatively new, it has become feasible due to the rapid development of genome-editing technologies and systems biology–related research; we will soon enter an age of designed artificial wood production via complex genetic manipulations of many industrially important trees and crops.