Updated predictions for gravitational waves produced in a strongly supercooled phase transition
Updated predictions for gravitational waves produced in a strongly supercooled phase transition
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DOI：
10.1088/1475-7516/2020/11/020
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Vaskonen, Ville
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ellis, John;Lewicki, Marek;Vaskonen, Ville
我们更新了对说明性经典共形 U(1)(B-L) 模型中强过冷相变的引力波 (GW) 信号的预测。我们对气泡壁上的摩擦力进行与 gamma(2) 成比例的缩放，并更新了气泡碰撞和等离子体相关来源的 GW 生产效率因子的估计。我们考虑到这样一个事实，即对称破缺场的小衰减率可能会导致转变后短暂的物质主导时代，因为场在衰减之前围绕其最小值振荡。我们发现，在参数空间的很大一部分中出现了强烈的气泡碰撞信号，并且在物质主导时期重新进入视界的模式的修改红移在光谱中产生了特征性的倾斜“平台”。该模型中的引力波频谱可以在低频范围内（例如通过 LISA）、在中频范围内（例如通过 AION/MAGIS 和 AEDGE）以及在高频范围内通过 LIGO 和 ET 进行检测。信号的峰值频率受到 U(1)(B-L) 规范玻色子质量的对撞机约束的限制，而在高频下，标量场的缓慢衰减以及由此产生的物质主导时代会减弱引力波信号。
We update predictions for the gravitational wave (GW) signal from a strongly supercooled phase transition in an illustrative classically conformal U(1)(B-L) model. We implement proportional to gamma(2) scaling of the friction on the bubble wall and update the estimates for the efficiency factors for GW production from bubble collisions and plasma-related sources. We take into account the fact that a small decay rate of the symmetry-breaking field may lead to brief matter-dominated era after the transition, as the field oscillates around its minimum before decaying. We find that a strong bubble collision signal occurs in a significant part of the parameter space, and that the modified redshift of the modes that re-enter the horizon during the matter-dominated period generates a characteristic tilted 'plateau' in the spectrum. The GW spectrum in this model would be detectable in the low-frequency range, e.g., by LISA, and in the mid-frequency range, e.g., by AION/MAGIS and AEDGE, and in the high-frequency range by LIGO and ET. The peak frequency of the signal is limited from below by collider constraints on the mass of the U(1)(B-L) gauge boson, while at high frequencies the slow decay of the scalar field and the resulting matter-dominated era diminishes the GW signal.