Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution
Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.287.9.1132
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发表时间：
2002-03-06
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Thurston, GD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pope, CA;Burnett, RT;Thurston, GD
背景已发现日常空气颗粒物污染与各种不良健康后果（包括心肺死亡率）风险增加之间存在关联，然而，长期空气颗粒物污染对健康影响的研究尚未得出结论。目的评估长期暴露于细颗粒物空气污染与全因肺癌和心肺死亡率之间的关系。和参与者生命状态和死因数据由美国癌症协会收集，作为癌症预防II研究的一部分，该研究是一项正在进行的前瞻性死亡率研究，1982年招募了约120万成年人。参与者完成了一份问卷，详细说明了个人风险因素数据（年龄，性别，种族，体重，身高，吸烟史，教育，婚姻状况，饮食，饮酒和职业暴露）。大约50万成年人的危险因素数据与美国大都市地区的空气污染数据相关联，并结合了生命状态和死亡原因的数据，通过1998.Main Outcome Measure All-cause，肺癌，心肺mortality.Results细颗粒物和硫氧化物相关的污染与全因，肺癌，心肺死亡率。细颗粒物空气污染每升高10 mug/m3，全因、心肺和肺癌死亡风险分别增加约4%、6%和8%。粗颗粒物和总悬浮颗粒物的测量与死亡率并不一致。相关的细颗粒空气污染是心肺和肺癌死亡率的重要环境风险因素。
Context Associations have been found between day-to-day particulate air pollution and increased risk of various adverse health outcomes, including cardiopulmonary mortality, However, studies of health effects of long-term particulate air pollution have been less conclusive.Objective To assess the relationship between long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution and all-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality.Design, Setting, and Participants Vital status and cause of death data were collected by the American Cancer Society as part of the Cancer Prevention II study, an ongoing prospective mortality study, which enrolled approximately 1.2 million adults in 1982. Participants completed a questionnaire detailing individual risk factor data (age, sex, race, weight, height, smoking history, education, marital status, diet, alcohol consumption, and occupational exposures). The risk factor data for approximately 500000 adults were linked with air pollution data for metropolitan areas throughout the United States and combined with vital status and cause of death data through December 31, 1998.Main Outcome Measure All-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality.Results Fine particulate and sulfur oxide-related pollution were associated with all-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality. Each 10-mug/m(3) elevation in fine particulate air pollution was associated with approximately a 4%, 6%, and 8% increased risk of all-cause, cardiopulmonary, and lung cancer mortality, respectively, Measures of coarse particle fraction and total suspended particles were not consistently associated with mortality.Conclusion Long-term exposure to combustion-related fine particulate air pollution is an important environmental risk factor for cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality.