Validity and stability of a new desired control measure pertaining to psychological adjustment of the elderly.
Validity and stability of a new desired control measure pertaining to psychological adjustment of the elderly.
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与老年人心理调节有关的新期望控制措施的有效性和稳定性。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Ziegler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Reid;M. Ziegler
本文报道的四项研究旨在测试70项期望控制措施的可靠性和预测有效性。这项措施是基于一项调查的结果，以确定日常生活中的强化措施对老年人的幸福感有何贡献。在新的措施，有35个期望项目索引的程度，老年人期望实现这些增援和35个愿望项目索引的价值老年人举行这些增援。期望项目用于加权期望项目，以得出期望控制评分。在这四项研究中，17项期望控制与各种心理调整措施之间的相关性中有15项是显著的和相当大的（平均r = 0.44）。社会期望反应对相关性的影响可以忽略不计。此外，在同一时间测量的期望控制和12个月后测量的心理适应之间的七个相关性中有五个是显着的（平均相关性= 0.46）。与理论预期一致，期望分数比欲望分数更能预测幸福感。这些研究结果支持了这样一个假设，即个人控制是老年人心理适应的一个重要变量。
The four studies reported herein were designed to test the reliabilities and predictive validities of a 70-item Desired Control Measure. This measure is based on the findings of a survey to establish what everyday reinforcements contributed to the happiness of senior citizens. Within the new measure, there were 35 Expectancy items indexing the extent to which senior citizens expected to realize these reinforcements and 35 were Desire items indexing the value older adults held for these reinforcements. The Desire items were used to weight the Expectancy items so as to derive a Desired Control score. Fifteen of the 17 correlations between Desired Control and a variety of measures of psychological adjustment reported across the four studies were significant and sizeable (mean r = .44). Social Desirability responding had negligible effects on correlations. Furthermore, five of seven correlations between Desired Control measured at one time and Psychological Adjustment measured 12 months later were significant (mean correlation = .46). Consistent with theoretical expectations, Expectancy scores were stronger predictors of well-being than were desire scores. The results of these studies gave support for the supposition that personal control is an important variable in psychological adjustment among the elderly.