Retrieval-induced forgetting in episodic memory
Retrieval-induced forgetting in episodic memory
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.25.6.1403
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Shimamura, AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ciranni, MA;Shimamura, AP
参与者学习了12个刺激的位置，这些刺激是独特的颜色，但可以按形状分组(4个圆圈，4个三角形，4个十字)。在这项研究之后，提取练习阶段要求参与者以形状和位置为线索回忆刺激的子集(即2个圆圈，2个三角形)的颜色。在最后一项测试中，参与者回忆了所有12个刺激物的颜色。与对照刺激组(即4个交叉)相比，未练习但形状相同的练习项目有助于记忆，而相关项目则受到损害。在整个实验中，不同的知觉分组和不同的线索程序都观察到了提取诱发的遗忘。然而，这种效果需要在插补阶段检索信息。提供额外的演示文稿不会扰乱对相关项目的记忆。
Participants learned the locations of 12 stimuli that were uniquely colored but could be grouped by shape (4 circles, 4 triangles, 4 crosses). Following the study, a retrieval-practice phase required participants to recall the colors of a subset of the stimuli (i.e., 2 circles, 2 triangles) using shape and location as cues. In a final test, participants recalled the colors of all 12 stimuli. Compared with the control set of stimuli (i.e., 4 crosses), memory was facilitated for practiced items but impaired for related items, which were not practiced but shared the same shape group. Across experiments, retrieval-induced forgetting was observed for different perceptual groupings and for different cuing procedures. The effect, however, required retrieval of information during the interpolated phase. Providing extra presentations did not disrupt memory for related items.