Substance use, recovery, and linguistics: The impact of word choice on explicit and implicit bias
Substance use, recovery, and linguistics: The impact of word choice on explicit and implicit bias
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.005
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Curtis, Brenda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashford, Robert D.;Brown, Austin M.;Curtis, Brenda
背景资料：一般公众，治疗专业人员和医疗保健专业人员已被发现对物质使用和物质使用障碍（SUD）的个人表现出明确的负面偏见。“物质滥用者”和“阿片类药物成瘾者”等术语已被证明会引起更大的负面显性偏见。然而，其他常见的术语还有待实证研究。方法：1,288名参与者从ResearchMatch招募。参与者被分配到七组不同的假设污名化和非污名化的条款之一。参与者完成了Go/No Association Task（GNAT）和基于插图的社交距离量表。重复测量方差分析被用来分析GNAT的结果，和单因素方差分析被用来分析vignette results.Results：术语“物质滥用者”，“成瘾者”，“akoholic”，“阿片类药物成瘾者”，是强烈相关的负面和显着不同的积极的反条款。“复发”和“复发使用”与阴性密切相关;然而，“复发使用”阳性关联的强度更高，与“复发”阳性关联显著不同。“药物治疗”与阳性率强相关，与“药物辅助治疗”有显著性差异。“药物辅助恢复”和“长期恢复”与积极的，显着不同的负association.Conclusions：结果支持呼吁停止使用的术语“成瘾者”，“酒精”，“阿片类药物成瘾者”，和“物质滥用者”。此外，建议使用“复发使用”和“药物治疗”，以获得其总体积极益处。“药物辅助康复”和“长期康复”都是正面的说法，可以在适当时使用，但不会助长污名化。
Background: The general public, treatment professionals, and healthcare professionals have been found to exhibit an explicit negative bias towards substance use and individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD). Terms such as "substance abuser" and "opioid addict" have shown to elicit greater negative explicit bias. However, other common terms have yet to be empirically studied.Methods: 1,288 participants were recruited from ResearchMatch. Participants were assigned into one of seven groups with different hypothesized stigmatizing and non-stigmatizing terms. Participants completed a Go/No Association Task (GNAT) and vignette-based social distance scale. Repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to analyze the GNAT results, and one-way ANOVAs were used to analyze vignette results.Results: The terms "substance abuser", "addict", "akoholic", and "opioid addict", were strongly associated with the negative and significantly different from the positive counterterms. "Relapse" and "Recurrence of Use" were strongly associated with the negative; however, the strength of the "recurrence of use" positive association was higher and significantly different from the "relapse" positive association. "Pharmacotherapy" was strongly associated with the positive and significantly different than "medication-assisted treatment". Both "medication assisted recovery" and "long-term recovery" were strongly associated with the positive, and significantly different from the negative association.Conclusions: Results support calls to cease use of the terms "addict", "alcoholic", "opioid addict", and "substance abuser". Additionally, it is suggested that "recurrence of use" and "pharmacotherapy" be used for their overall positive benefits. Both "medication-assisted recovery" and "long-term recovery" are positive terms and can be used when applicable without promoting stigma.