Retention of memory through metamorphosis: can a moth remember what it learned as a caterpillar?
Retention of memory through metamorphosis: can a moth remember what it learned as a caterpillar?
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通过变形保留记忆：飞蛾能记住它所学到的毛毛虫吗？
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0001736
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发表时间：
2008-03-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Weiss MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blackiston DJ;Silva Casey E;Weiss MR
昆虫经历完全变态后，在形态和生活方式上都发生了巨大的变化。目前的研究探讨了幼虫的经验是否可以持续到成虫化蛹在鳞翅目，并评估了两种可能的机制，可能是这种行为的基础：暴露新兴的成年人从幼虫环境中的化学物质，或关联学习转移到成年通过维护完整的突触连接。五龄天蛾毛虫接受与特定气味配对的电击，以产生条件性气味厌恶，并在幼虫和成虫时在Y选择装置中进行学习测试。我们发现，幼虫学会了避免训练气味，这种厌恶仍然存在于成年人。成虫的厌恶并不是因为幼虫环境中的化学物质残留造成的，因为无论是给幼稚的蛹涂上气味剂，还是清洗受过训练的毛毛虫的蛹，都不会导致行为的改变。此外，我们报告说，幼虫在第三龄训练仍然表现出气味厌恶两个蜕皮后，作为第五龄，但并没有避免气味的成年人，符合的想法，即后变质回忆涉及的大脑区域，直到后来才产生幼虫的发展。本研究，第一次确凿地证明，联想记忆生存变态鳞翅目，挑起有趣的新问题的组织和持久性的中枢神经系统在变态。我们的研究结果具有生态和进化的影响，通过变态的记忆保留可能会影响寄主选择的多食性昆虫，形状栖息地的选择，并导致最终的同域物种形成。
Insects that undergo complete metamorphosis experience enormous changes in both morphology and lifestyle. The current study examines whether larval experience can persist through pupation into adulthood in Lepidoptera, and assesses two possible mechanisms that could underlie such behavior: exposure of emerging adults to chemicals from the larval environment, or associative learning transferred to adulthood via maintenance of intact synaptic connections. Fifth instar Manduca sexta caterpillars received an electrical shock associatively paired with a specific odor in order to create a conditioned odor aversion, and were assayed for learning in a Y choice apparatus as larvae and again as adult moths. We show that larvae learned to avoid the training odor, and that this aversion was still present in the adults. The adult aversion did not result from carryover of chemicals from the larval environment, as neither applying odorants to naïve pupae nor washing the pupae of trained caterpillars resulted in a change in behavior. In addition, we report that larvae trained at third instar still showed odor aversion after two molts, as fifth instars, but did not avoid the odor as adults, consistent with the idea that post-metamorphic recall involves regions of the brain that are not produced until later in larval development. The present study, the first to demonstrate conclusively that associative memory survives metamorphosis in Lepidoptera, provokes intriguing new questions about the organization and persistence of the central nervous system during metamorphosis. Our results have both ecological and evolutionary implications, as retention of memory through metamorphosis could influence host choice by polyphagous insects, shape habitat selection, and lead to eventual sympatric speciation.
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影响因子：
1
作者：
Ghumare, SS;Mukherjee, SN
通讯作者：
Mukherjee, SN
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
HEISENBERG, M;BORST, A;BYERS, D
通讯作者：
BYERS, D
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Chow, JK;Akhtar, Y;Isman, MB
通讯作者：
Isman, MB
影响因子：
0.6
作者：
BERENBAUM, MR;MILICZKY, E
通讯作者：
MILICZKY, E
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
CORBET, SA
通讯作者：
CORBET, SA