Gender differences in cerebral perfusion in cocaine abuse: technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT study of drug-abusing women.
Gender differences in cerebral perfusion in cocaine abuse: technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT study of drug-abusing women.
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发表时间：
1994-12
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通讯作者：
Jonathan M. Levin;B. Holman;J. Mendelson;S. Teoh;B. Garada;K. Johnson;S. Springer
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作者：
Jonathan M. Levin;B. Holman;J. Mendelson;S. Teoh;B. Garada;K. Johnson;S. Springer
未标记的可卡因滥用仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题，会造成各种医学和神经系统后遗症。先前的研究已证明长期可卡因滥用者和急性服用可卡因后的脑灌注异常。尽管吸毒者中女性的比例越来越高，但很少有研究将女性纳入其中。据作者所知，没有人对无症状女性和男性的脑灌注进行比较。方法 采用 99mTc 六甲基丙烯胺肟 (HMPAO) SPECT 对 13 名可卡因依赖女性（其中 4 名同时也是海洛因依赖者）的脑灌注进行了研究。这些女性与 13 名可卡因依赖男性和 26 名健康对照受试者进行了比较。 MRI 和神经系统评估排除了结构性脑损伤和神经系统异常。灌注研究由不了解临床信息的审稿人以标准化方式解释。结果发现，与可卡因依赖的男性相比，可卡因依赖的女性出现异常研究结果的可能性要小得多（p = 0.003），并且与正常女性没有区别（p = 1.0）。然而，同时使用海洛因和可卡因的女性和男性的结果均异常。灌注异常往往位于前脑结构，例如额叶和颞叶皮层以及基底神经节。结论 这些数据表明，与可卡因依赖的男性相比，可卡因依赖的女性脑灌注异常较少，但同时滥用海洛因和可卡因与两性的更多灌注异常有关。
UNLABELLED Cocaine abuse continues to be a major public health concern, with a variety of medical and neurologic sequelae. Previous studies have demonstrated abnormalities in cerebral perfusion in chronic cocaine abusers and after acute administration of cocaine. Although women are becoming increasingly represented among drug abusers, few studies have included women. To the authors' knowledge, none has compared cerebral perfusion in asymptomatic women with that in men. METHODS The cerebral perfusion of 13 cocaine-dependent women, 4 of whom were also heroin dependent, was studied with 99mTc hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) SPECT. These women were compared with 13 cocaine-dependent men and 26 healthy control subjects. Structural brain lesions and neurologic abnormalities were excluded by MRI and neurologic evaluation. Perfusion studies were interpreted in a standardized fashion by reviewers blinded to clinical information. RESULTS It was found that cocaine-dependent women were much less likely to have abnormal study findings than cocaine-dependent men (p = 0.003) and were indistinguishable from normal women (p = 1.0). However, the results in both women and men who concurrently used heroin plus cocaine were all abnormal. Perfusion abnormalities tended to be located in anterior brain structures, such as the frontal and temporal cortex and the basal ganglia. CONCLUSION These data suggest that cocaine-dependent women have fewer abnormalities in cerebral perfusion than cocaine-dependent men, but that concurrent abuse of heroin and cocaine is associated with more perfusion abnormalities in both sexes.