What makes one person paranoid and another person anxious? The differential prediction of social anxiety and persecutory ideation in an experimental situation
What makes one person paranoid and another person anxious? The differential prediction of social anxiety and persecutory ideation in an experimental situation
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291708003589
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Dunn, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman, D.;Gittins, M.;Dunn, G.
背景近年来，与传统的神经症和精神病的划分相反，焦虑和迫害意念之间的密切联系已经建立。尽管如此，这两种体验是截然不同的。本研究的目的是确定因素，区分发生的社交焦虑和偏执的想法在一个实验情境。200名广泛代表英国普通人群的非临床个体接受了一系列心理因素的评估，经历了一个中立的虚拟现实社交环境，然后完成了偏执和社交焦虑的状态测量。在虚拟现实中进行了双变量Logistic回归分析，测试潜在预测因素和反应类型之间的相互作用。最有力的发现是，知觉异常的存在增加了偏执反应的风险，但降低了社交焦虑的风险。焦虑、抑郁、忧虑和人际敏感与偏执和社交焦虑有相似的关系。研究表明，社交焦虑和迫害意念有许多相同的预测因素。非临床偏执狂可能是一种焦虑恐惧。然而，感知异常是偏执狂的一个明显预测因素。在一个人感到焦虑的情况下，在社交场合中出现奇怪的内部感觉可能会通过“事情看起来不对”的感觉导致妄想。这项研究说明了关注偏执狂思维等经历而不是精神分裂症等诊断的方法。
Background. In recent years a close association between anxiety and persecutory ideation has been established, contrary to the traditional division of neurosis and psychosis. Nonetheless, the two experiences are distinct. The aim of this study was to identify factors that distinguish the occurrence of social anxiety and paranoid thoughts in an experimental situation.Method. Two hundred non-clinical individuals broadly representative of the UK general population were assessed on a range of psychological factors, experienced a neutral virtual reality social environment, and then completed state measures of paranoia and social anxiety. Clustered bivariate logistic regressions were carried out, testing interactions between potential predictors and the type of reaction in virtual reality.Results. The strongest finding was that the presence of perceptual anomalies increased the risk of paranoid reactions but decreased the risk of social anxiety. Anxiety, depression, worry and interpersonal sensitivity all had similar associations with paranoia and social anxiety.Conclusions. The study shows that social anxiety and persecutory ideation share many of the same predictive factors. Non-clinical paranoia may be a type of anxious fear. However, perceptual anomalies are a distinct predictor of paranoia. In the context of an individual feeling anxious, the occurrence of odd internal feelings in social situations may lead to delusional ideas through a sense of 'things not seeming right'. The study illustrates the approach of focusing on experiences such as paranoid thinking rather than diagnoses such as schizophrenia.