Quantitative-Genetic Analysis of Temperature Regulation in Mus domesticus. IV. Pleiotropy and Genotype-by-Environment Interactions
Quantitative-Genetic Analysis of Temperature Regulation in Mus domesticus. IV. Pleiotropy and Genotype-by-Environment Interactions
复制标题
家鼠温度调节的定量遗传分析。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
M. S. Connolly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. B. Lynch;D. Sulzbach;M. S. Connolly
在一个随机饲养的群体中，研究了家鼠体温调节相关性状的遗传力和遗传相关。所研究的性状包括形态、行为和生理方面。环境的影响，内部和外部，对性状的表型表达和遗传结构进行了考虑。两种类型的基因型环境相互作用被认为是重要的。外部环境对行为体温调节的遗传影响的表达有影响，环境温度的变化引起遗传力的显着变化。内环境影响生理性体温调节的遗传变异，雄性和雌性的体温遗传力存在显著差异。表型二态性是遗传水平上性别差异的不良预测因子。形态性状的表型最具二态性，但基因型的二态性最少;体温表现出相反的关系。几个性状之间存在显著的加性遗传相关。这些最高的对相似的字符，例如，体重在不同年龄和筑巢行为在不同的温度。温度调节的形态和行为方面之间的相关性也很显著。体温调节的生理方面可以基本上作为独立的性状进化，但行为和形态性状预计将协同进化。这些结果的一般预测理论的相关性进行了讨论。特别是，没有基因型与环境的相互作用的假设可能是误导，这种相互作用的发生很可能是麻烦的选择压力波动时，或在男性和女性的质量不同。此外，性状之间的遗传相关性可能会造成重大困难，即使性状与行为和形态方面的差异一样大。我们的结论是，需要更大量的经验信息，更广泛的性状基因型与环境的相互作用和添加剂的遗传相关性，这些信息必须纳入到特定的进化适应的预测。
The heritabilities of, and genetic correlations among, several traits related to thermoregulation in house mice were examined in a randomly bred population. The traits studied comprised aspects of morphology, behavior, and physiology. Effects of the environment, both internal and external, on the phenotypic expression and genetic architecture of the traits were considered. Genotype-by-environment interactions of two kinds were found to be important. The external environment had an effect on the expression of genetic influences on behavioral thermoregulation, with shifts in the ambient temperature causing a significant change in heritability. The internal environment affected genetic variation in physiological thermoregulation, with significant differences being found in the heritability of body temperature between males and females. Phenotypic dimorphisms were poor predictors of sex differences at the genetic level. Morphological characters were phenotypically the most dimorphic, but genotypically the least dimorphic; body temperature showed the reverse relationship. Significant additive genetic correlations were found between several of the traits. These were highest for pairs of similar characters, for example, body weight at different ages and nesting behavior at different temperatures. The correlation between morphological and behavioral aspects of temperature regulation was also significant. Physiological aspects of thermoregulation could evolve essentially as independent characters, but behavior and morphological traits would be expected to evolve in concert. The relevance of these results to general predictive theories is discussed. In particular, the assumption of no genotype-by-environment interactions could be misleading, and the occurrence of such interactions is likely to be troublesome when selection pressures fluctuate or differ qualitatively in males and females. Furthermore, genetic correlations between traits can pose a major difficulty, even when the traits vary as much as aspects of behavior and morphology. We conclude that a greater amount of empirical information is needed for a wider range of traits on both genotype-by-environment interactions and additive genetic correlations, and that such information must be incorporated into predictions of specific evolutionary adaptations.