The Ardipithecus ramidus skull and its implications for hominid origins
The Ardipithecus ramidus skull and its implications for hominid origins
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地猿头骨及其对原始人类起源的影响
DOI：
10.1126/science.1175825
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
ほか(6名中1番)
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suwa G;ほか(6名中1番)
ARA-VP-6/500成人骨骼的高度碎裂和扭曲的头骨包括大部分牙列，并保留了面部、穹隆和底部的大部分。对这具遗骸和其他遗骸的解剖学比较和基于微型计算机断层扫描的分析揭示了前南方古猿人的头面部形态和结构。Ardipithecus ramidus头骨表现出较小的内颅骨容量(300至350立方厘米)，相对于身体大小，颅骨尺寸较小，大量的面中部突出，以及缺乏现代非洲类人猿的极下面部前突。其后颅底较短，既不同于潘氏滑车，也不同于P。帕尼索斯。啊。分枝缺乏在南方古猿中发育的宽阔的、位于前方的颧颌面部骨骼。这种特征的结合显然是萨赫勒人所共有的，这表明中上新世人类的头骨与现存的类人猿和南方古猿的头骨有很大的不同。
The highly fragmented and distorted skull of the adult skeletonARA-VP-6/500includes most of the dentition and preserves substantial parts of the face, vault, and base. Anatomical comparisons and micro–computed tomography–based analysis of this and other remains reveal pre-Australopithecushominid craniofacial morphology and structure. TheArdipithecus ramidusskull exhibits a small endocranial capacity (300 to 350 cubic centimeters), small cranial size relative to body size, considerable midfacial projection, and a lack of modern African ape–like extreme lower facial prognathism. Its short posterior cranial base differs from that of bothPan troglodytesandP. paniscus.Ar. ramiduslacks the broad, anteriorly situated zygomaxillary facial skeleton developed in laterAustralopithecus. This combination of features is apparently shared bySahelanthropus, showing that the Mio-Pliocene hominid cranium differed substantially from those of both extant apes andAustralopithecus.