Insectivory by five sympatric carnivores in cool-temperate deciduous forests
Insectivory by five sympatric carnivores in cool-temperate deciduous forests
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DOI：
10.3106/041.037.0208
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Yamazaki, Koji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koike, Shinsuke;Morimoto, Hideto;Yamazaki, Koji
在日本寒温带落叶林中，对亚洲黑熊（Ursus thibetanus）、日本貂（Manes melampus）、日本獾（Meles Meles）、赤狐（Vulpes Vulpes）和貉（Nyctereutes procyonoides） 5种食肉动物的食虫性进行了研究。从2003年5月到2005年4月，我们检测了373份粪便样本（熊91份，貂158份，獾43份，狐狸36份，浣熊45份）的昆虫。每一种食肉动物都吃各种各样的昆虫，有些是优先吃的。熊更喜欢蚂蚁和黄蜂等群居昆虫；马丁吃各种各样的森林昆虫，如地面甲虫和树栖昆虫；獾喜欢林中的地面甲虫；狐狸吃地上的甲虫和草地上的昆虫；浣熊狗吃各种各样的动物。饮食偏好可能反映了每个食肉动物物种的摄食策略、行为或栖息地偏好。根据昆虫的栖息地偏好，我们可以将肉食动物分配到特定的微栖息地：熊和貂在三维空间中使用森林，獾在二维空间中使用森林，狐狸在二维空间中使用草地和森林，貉在三维空间中使用草地和森林。鉴定粪便中的昆虫可以提供有关这些食肉动物的饮食和栖息地偏好的信息。
We studied insectivory by five carnivores the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus), Japanese marten (Manes melampus), Japanese badger (Meles meles), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)-in a cool-temperate deciduous forest in Japan. From May 2003 to April 2005, we assayed 373 fecal samples (91 from bear, 158 from marten, 43 from badger, 36 from fox, and 45 from raccoon dog) for insects. Each carnivore species consumed a variety of insect species, some preferentially. Bears preferred colonial insects like ants and wasps; martens ate a variety of forest insects, such as ground beetles and arboreal insects; badgers preferred forest ground beetles; foxes ate ground beetles and grassland insects; and raccoon dogs ate a variety of species. Dietary preferences may reflect the feeding strategy, behavior, or habitat preference of each carnivore species. Based on the habitat preferences of the insects, we could assign carnivores to particular microhabitats: bears and martens used forest in three dimensions, badgers inhabited forest in two dimensions, foxes used grassland and forest in two dimensions, and raccoon dogs inhabited grassland and forest in three dimensions. Identification of insects in feces may provide information on the dietary and habitat preferences of these carnivores.