Extra-pair paternity in socially monogamous Streaked Shearwaters: forced copulation or female solicitation?
Extra-pair paternity in socially monogamous Streaked Shearwaters: forced copulation or female solicitation?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10336-018-1587-3
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发表时间：
2018-07
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
M. Sakao;H. Takeshima;Koji Inoue;Katsufumi Sato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Sakao;H. Takeshima;Koji Inoue;Katsufumi Sato
海鸟是长寿的鸟类，对后代的投资水平非常高，因此雄性父母的照顾是不可或缺的。这些特征被认为解释了海鸟普遍较低的配对外亲子关系（EPP）水平。尽管条纹海鸥 (Calonectris leucomelas) 是一种社会一夫一妻制的海鸟，但众所周知，它会在其社会配对关系之外交配，这意味着 EPP 的频繁发生。在密切相关的科里海鸥中，戴绿帽子与社会性雄性的体型有关。为了确定条纹海鸥中是否存在与体型相关的 EPP，我们建立了 39 个新的微卫星标记用于亲子分析，并比较了戴绿帽和未戴绿帽的雄性之间的体型。利用新的标记，我们发现在 2014 年至 2016 年的研究期间，额外配对的雄性繁育了 113 个后代中的 17 个（15.0%），其中包括三个 1.5 个月的育雏期。这个百分比是海鸟记录中最高的。我们还发现戴绿帽的雄性的喙和翅膀的长度明显短于未戴绿帽的雄性，并且雌性可以拒绝尝试交配。这些观察结果表明，该物种的 EPP 与体型有关，并且涉及雌性的接受程度。
Seabirds are long-lived birds that invest in offspring at very high levels, for which male parental care is indispensable. These characteristics are thought to explain seabirds’ generally low level of extra-pair paternity (EPP). Although the Streaked Shearwater (Calonectris leucomelas) is a socially monogamous seabird, it is known to copulate outside its social pair bond, which implies the frequent occurrence of EPP. In the closely related Cory’s ShearwaterCalonectris borealis, cuckoldry is related to body size of the social male. To determine whether body-size-related EPP occurs among Streaked Shearwaters, we established 39 new microsatellite markers for parentage analysis and compared body size between cuckolded and non-cuckolded males. With the new markers, we found that extra-pair males sired 17 (15.0%) of 113 offspring during the 2014–2016 study period, which included three 1.5-month chick-rearing periods. This percentage is among the highest recorded for seabirds. We also found the bill and wing length of cuckolded males to be significantly shorter than those of non-cuckolded males, and that females can reject attempted copulations. These observations imply that EPP in this species is size related and involves female acceptance.