Consistent dietary patterns identified from childhood to adulthood:: The cardiovascular risk in young finns study
Consistent dietary patterns identified from childhood to adulthood:: The cardiovascular risk in young finns study
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DOI：
10.1079/bjn20051418
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Viikari, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mikkilä, V;Räsänen, L;Viikari, J
饮食模式在营养流行病学中很有用，为基于单一营养素的传统方法提供了一个全面的替代方案。芬兰青年心血管风险研究是一项21年随访的前瞻性队列研究。在基线时，采用48小时饮食回忆法（1768例，年龄3-18岁）获得受试者食物消费的详细定量信息。访谈在6年和21年后（分别为1200年和1037年）重复进行。我们进行了主成分分析，以确定每个研究点的主要饮食模式。在整个研究过程中，我们发现了两种相似的模式。模式1与传统芬兰食品的消费呈正相关，如黑麦、土豆、牛奶、黄油、香肠和咖啡，与水果、浆果和牛奶以外的乳制品负相关。模式1型饮食在男性受试者、吸烟者和生活在农村地区的人群中更为常见。模式2主要发生在女性受试者、不吸烟者和城市地区，其特点是选择更注重健康的食物，如蔬菜、豆类和坚果、茶、黑麦、奶酪和其他乳制品，以及消费含酒精饮料。对模式得分进行跟踪观察，特别是在基线时为青少年的受试者中。在最初属于模式1和模式2得分最高的五分位数的人中，分别有41%和38%的人在21年后仍然处于同一五分位数。我们的研究结果表明，食物行为和具体的食物选择在儿童或青少年时期就已经形成，并可能显著地追踪到成年期。
Dietary patterns are useful in nutritional epidemiology, providing a comprehensive alternative to the traditional approach based on single nutrients. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study is a prospective cohort study with a 21-year follow-up. At baseline, detailed quantitative information on subjects' food consumption was obtained using a 48 h dietary recall method (n 1768, aged 3-18 years). The interviews were repeated after 6 and 21 years (n 1200 and n 1037, respectively). We conducted a principal component analysis to identify major dietary patterns at each study point. A set of two similar patterns was recognised throughout the study. Pattern 1 was positively correlated with consumption of traditional Finnish foods, such as rye, potatoes, milk, butter, sausages and coffee, and negatively correlated with fruit, berries and dairy products other than milk. Pattern 1 type of diet was more common among male subjects, smokers and those living in rural areas. Pattern 2, predominant among female subjects, non-smokers and in urban areas, was characterised by more health-conscious food choices such as vegetables, legumes and nuts, tea, rye, cheese and other dairy products, and also by consumption of alcoholic beverages. Tracking of the pattern scores was observed, particularly among subjects who were adolescents at baseline. Of those originally belonging to the uppermost quintile of pattern 1 and 2 scores, 41 and 38 % respectively, persisted in the same quintile 21 years later. Our results suggest that food behaviour and concrete food choices are established already in childhood or adolescence and may significantly track into adulthood.